ReviewCurrent problems in cardiology2023
Neighborhood Walkability and Cardiovascular Risk in the United States.
Review in Current problems in cardiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Hypertension Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Pooled it
- Neighborhood Walkability and the Development of Type 2 Diabetes After Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Longitudinal Study in New York City.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Residential green space, walkability, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in midlife women: a longitudinal cohort study.Environmental research, health : ERH · 2026Article
- The association of area deprivation index and blood pressure control and therapeutic inertia among older adults with hypertension.Journal of human hypertension · 2025Article
- The impact of the Social Exposome in Cardiovascular Health and Disease.Journal of precision medicine (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal effects of urban micro-scale built environment on cardiovascular diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Environmental Hypertensionology and the Mosaic Theory of Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Review
- Neighborhood walkability and cardiometabolic disease in Texas.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Built Environment and Cardiovascular Diseases - Insights from a Global Review.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Exposomic Determinants of Atherosclerosis: Recent Evidence.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Pursuing healthy homeownership: an evaluation of the neighborhood health trajectories of shared equity homeowners.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Gentrification influences mosquito community composition at neighborhood and county levels in Miami-Dade County, Florida.PloS one · 2025Article
- Association of neighbourhood walkability and haemoglobin A1c levels among Latino and non-Hispanic White patients with diabetes.Family practice · 2024Article
- Individually Perceived Parameters of Residential Infrastructure and Their Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk Factors.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The association between neighbourhood walkability and blood lipids: a Canadian population study.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- The barbershop paradigm: Community engagement for cardiovascular prevention.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2024Article
- Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Primary and Secondary Prevention in Latino Subgroups.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Article
- Social and Structural Determinants of Cardiovascular Complications of Diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2024Review
- Walk Your Way Out of Cardiovascular Risk: In Search of a Better SDOH Screening Tool.JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
- Associations Between Social Determinants of Health and Cardiovascular Health of U.S. Adult Cancer Survivors.JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neighborhood walkability may be associated with increased physical activity and thus may confer protection against cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors. We sought to characterize the association between neighborhood-level cardiovascular diseases and risk factors with neighborhood walkability across US census tracts.We linked the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) PLACES dataset which provided census-tract level prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes), with census tract population-weighted national walkability index (NWI) from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). We calculated the mean prevalence of each cardiovascular health indicator per quartile of the walkability score. We also fit a multivariable linear regression model to estimate the association between walkability index and the prevalence of CAD adjusting for age, sex, race, and the CDC'S social vulnerability index, an integrated metric of socioeconomic position. We additionally performed mediation analyses to understand the mediating effects of CAD risk factors on the relationship between NWI and CAD prevalence. A total of 70,123 census tracts were analyzed nationwide. Across walkability quartiles Q1 (least walkable) through Q4 (most walkable), we found statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of CAD (7.0% to 5.4%), and risk factors including hypertension (35.5% to 29.7%), high cholesterol (34.5% to 29.2%), obesity (35.0% to 30.2%), and diabetes (11.6% to 10.6%). After multivariable adjustment, continuous walkability index was negatively and significantly associated with the prevalence of CAD (β = -0.09, P<0.0001). The relationship between NWI and CAD is partially mediated by the risk factors. High cholesterol accounted for 45%, high blood pressure 41% and diabetes 10% of the total effect of walkability on CAD. While direct relationship between walkability and CAD accounted for 9% of the total effect. This nationwide analysis demonstrates that neighborhood walkability is associated with a lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and CAD. The association between NWI and CAD seems to be partly mediated by prevalence of traditional risk factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.