ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2022
Prognosis of Myocarditis Developing After mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Compared With Viral Myocarditis.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in Norway: a nationwide validation study.Open heart · 2026Observational
- No excess risk of death or multimorbidity following hemorrhagic stroke after mRNA vaccination compared with historical cases: a population-based cohort study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- "Bridging the clinical, molecular and genetic perspectives on myocarditis in post-COVID-19 era".International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026Review
- Improved diagnosis of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis with cardiac scarring identified by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.Open heart · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular events following coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in adults: a nationwide Swedish study.European heart journal · 2025Article
- Assessing outcomes of acute myocarditis in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective tertiary center experience.Saudi medical journal · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Vaccination and Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Multivariate Meta-Analysis of Preventive Benefits and Risks.International journal of preventive medicine · 2025Review
- Myocarditis associated with COVID-19 vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- Fulminant myocarditis following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination rescued with venoarterial ECMO: A report of two cases.Perfusion · 2024Article
- Fulminant Myocarditis Temporally Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination.Current cardiology reports · 2024Review
- Vaccination against COVID-19 - risks and benefits in children.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Review
- Vaccine-carditis study: Spanish multicenter registry of inflammatory heart disease after COVID-19 vaccination.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024Article
- Responses to Common Misconceptions Relating to COVID-19 Variant-Adapted mRNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Vaccination-Associated Myocarditis and Myocardial Injury.Circulation research · 2023Review
- Diagnosis of Acute Myocarditis Following mRNA Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: A Methodological Review.Viruses · 2023Review
- Myocardial Inflammation on FDG PET/MRI and Clinical Outcomes in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Participants after COVID-19 Vaccination.Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging · 2023Article
- Comparison of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Myocarditis and Viral Myocarditis Pathology.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Positive Predictive Value of ICD-10-CM Codes for Myocarditis in Claims Data: A Multi-Institutional Study in Taiwan.Clinical epidemiology · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Myocarditis: Cautious Reassurance in an Era of Dynamic Uncertainty.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAssociation between messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines and myocarditis has aroused public concern over vaccine safety.
objectivesThe goal of this study was to compare the prognosis of this condition with viral infection-related myocarditis over 180 days.
methodsA territory-wide electronic public health care database in Hong Kong linked with population-based vaccination records was used to conduct a retrospective cohort study. Since the roll-out of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), patients aged ≥12 years hospitalized with myocarditis within 28 days after BNT162b2 vaccination were compared against viral infection-related myocarditis recorded before the pandemic (2000-2019), over a 180-day follow-up period (starting from diagnosis of myocarditis). All-cause mortality, heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart transplant, and postdischarge health care utilization were examined with Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsA total of 866 patients were included for analysis. Over the follow-up period, 1 death (1.0%) of 104 patients with postvaccination myocarditis and 84 deaths (11.0%) of 762 patients with viral infection-related myocarditis were identified. One case (1.0%) of dilated cardiomyopathy and 2 cases (1.9%) of heart failure were identified in the postvaccination group, compared with 28 (3.7%) and 93 (12.2%) in the viral infection-related myocarditis group, respectively. Adjusted analysis showed that the postvaccination myocarditis group had a 92% lower mortality risk (adjusted HR: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.57). No significant differences in other prognostic outcomes were seen.
conclusionsThis study found a significantly lower rate of mortality among individuals with myocarditis after mRNA vaccination compared with those with viral infection-related myocarditis. Prognosis of this iatrogenic condition may be less severe than naturally acquired viral infection-related myocarditis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.