ArticleJournal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology2023
Cardiovascular and Adverse Effects of Glucagon for the Management of Suspected Beta Blocker Toxicity: a Case Series.
Article in Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of treatments for propranolol toxicity: a systematic review of current approaches and evidence.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- A Retrospective Descriptive Analysis of Consultations Provided by the National Poisons Centre Relating to Medicines on the Aotearoa New Zealand Antidote Stocking Guideline, 2020-2025.Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA · 2026Article
- Critical care management of the patient with pharmaceutical poisoning.Intensive care medicine · 2025Review
- 20 Years of JMT: Trying to Catch a Heffalump.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2024Article
- Glucagon and Its Receptors in the Mammalian Heart.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Response to Comment on "Cardiovascular and Adverse Effects of Glucagon for the Management of Suspected Beta Blocker Toxicity: a Case Series".Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2023Article
- Comment on "Cardiovascular and Adverse Effects of Glucagon for the Management of Suspected Beta Blocker Toxicity: a Case Series".Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough glucagon use in beta blocker toxicity has been recommended for many years, evidence for its safety and efficacy in humans is limited. This study aims to determine the magnitude of effect of glucagon on heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in patients with suspected beta blocker toxicity and describe potential adverse effects of the medication.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective, multi-center case series of patients greater than 12 years of age who received glucagon for suspected beta blocker toxicity. The primary outcome was the mean difference in HR from immediately pre- to 20-minutes post-glucagon administration. Secondary outcomes included the median difference in SBP, and occurrence of nausea, vomiting, and hyperglycemia.
resultsA total of 107 patients met inclusion criteria accounting for 144 glucagon orders. The mean difference in HR from pre- to post-glucagon administration was 4 bpm ± 10.6 (95% CI [2.25-5.76], p < 0.001). The median difference (IQR) in SBP was 4.5 (- 6 to 16) mmHg (p = 0.004). Similar increases were observed when patients receiving concomitant vasopressors were excluded. A total of nine glucagon administrations (6.3%) were associated with nausea and 14 (9.7%) with vomiting; however, 52 doses (36.1%) were administered concomitantly with antiemetic medications. Fifteen administrations (10.4%) were associated with hyperglycemia.
conclusionGlucagon administration was associated with a statistically significant increase in HR, but a small absolute difference of uncertain clinical significance. A similar observation was noted for SBP. Few patients experienced adverse events.
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