ReviewFrontiers in oncology2022
The magic bullet: Niclosamide.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting NDUFS4 Disrupts Oxidative Phosphorylation and Induces Ferroptosis in Olaparib-Resistant Prostate Cancer.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- Molecular Docking and Simulation-Based Exploration of Niclosamide as a Potential Inhibitor of the p62 ZZ Domain.Biology · 2026Article
- Repurposing niclosamide ethanolamine for alveolar echinococcosis reveals a disconnect between in vitro efficacy and in vivo outcome in the intraperitoneal infection model.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Unlocking Niclosamide Solid Forms via Mechanochemistry: Discovery of a 2-Pyrrolidone Solvate.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Article
- Repurposing niclosamide to mitigate inflammaging: a review of multi-target mechanisms in cellular senescence and age-related decline.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Discovery of Niclosamide Analogs with Potent Mitochondrial Uncoupling Activity and Reduced Mitochondrial Inhibition-Associated Toxicity.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial uncoupling inhibits serine catabolismCancer biology & medicine · 2026Article
- Investigation of quantum chemical studies of niclosamide in different solvents using DFT calculations.Journal of molecular modeling · 2026Article
- Niclosamide suppresses gastric cancer progression through YTHDF2 inhibition-affected lactate metabolic reprogramming.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Desloratadine InducesCells · 2025Article
- Valine-Niclosamide for Treatment of Androgen Receptor Splice Variant-Positive Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- A Strategic Antimetastatic Solution for Bone-Targeting Prostate Cancer via Nanoengineered Niclosamide.Nano letters · 2025Review
- Transforming Niclosamide through Nanotechnology: A Promising Approach for Long COVID Management.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Niclosamide Alleviated Skin Inflammation and Restored the Balance between Effector and Regulatory T Cells in Skin.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Ocular manifestations in pediatric tumor suppressor gene mutations: a case series and literature review of RB1, NF1, NF2, VHL, and TSC.BMC pediatrics · 2025Review
- Antibody-Nanoparticle Conjugates in Therapy: Combining the Best of Two Worlds.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Drug Repurposing and Nanotechnology for Topical Skin Cancer Treatment: Redirecting toward Targeted and Synergistic Antitumor Effects.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The term 'magic bullet' is a scientific concept proposed by the German Nobel laureate Paul Ehrlich in 1907, describing a medicine that could specifically and efficiently target a disease without harming the body. Oncologists have been looking for a magic bullet for cancer therapy ever since. However, the current therapies for cancers-including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy-pose either pan-cytotoxicity or only single-target efficacy, precluding their ability to function as a magic bullet. Intriguingly, niclosamide, an FDA-approved drug for treating tapeworm infections with an excellent safety profile, displays broad anti-cancer activity in a variety of contexts. In particular, niclosamide inhibits multiple oncogenic pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Ras, Stat3, Notch, E2F-Myc, NF-κB, and mTOR and activates tumor suppressor signaling pathways such as p53, PP2A, and AMPK. Moreover, niclosamide potentially improves immunotherapy by modulating pathways such as PD-1/PDL-1. We recently discovered that niclosamide ethanolamine (NEN) reprograms cellular metabolism through its uncoupler function, consequently remodeling the cellular epigenetic landscape to promote differentiation. Inspired by the promising results from the pre-clinical studies, several clinical trials are ongoing to assess the therapeutic effect of niclosamide in cancer patients. This current review summarizes the functions, mechanism of action, and potential applications of niclosamide in cancer therapy as a magic bullet.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.