ArticleJournal of internal medicine2023
Post COVID-19 condition diagnosis: A population-based cohort study of occurrence, associated factors, and healthcare use by severity of acute infection.
Article in Journal of internal medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors affecting the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on post COVID-19 conditions among adults: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Access and use of general and mental health services before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Risk of long covid in patients with pre-existing chronic respiratory diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Pooled it
- COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Pooled it
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- Evolution with age of the relationship between sex and post-COVID symptoms: a population-based cohort study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Which healthcare services did children and adolescents use before presentation at specialised outpatient clinics for post-COVID-19 condition? Descriptive findings from the Post-COVID Kids Bavaria study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Identifying Long Covid phenotypes and their association with personal characteristics, healthcare use, and daily life burden: population-based study in Belgium.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of pre-pandemic respiratory system diseases with long COVID: a population-based case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Healthcare Consumption and Work Absenteeism of Individuals With and Without Persistent Complaints After COVID-19: The Role of Cognitive-Behavioural Factors, Neuropsychological Functioning and Depressive Symptoms.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Healthcare utilization patterns and medication burden in post-COVID syndrome: a cross-sectional analysis reveals four phenotypes.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Health outcomes in hospitalised and non-hospitalised individuals after COVID-19, an observational, cross-sectional study.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Long-term healthcare use of COVID-19 cases in 2020: a two-year follow-up in Stockholm, Sweden.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of depression, anxiety, fatigue, and headache before and after long COVID onset: a case-control study in the total population of Region Stockholm.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring predictors of post-COVID-19 condition among 810 851 individuals in Sweden.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Healthcare gaps and inequities following hospitalisation for COVID-19 in Brazil's universal healthcare system: a patient-engaged survey of Long COVID healthcare needs, use and barriers.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- The Association of Long COVID and CKD: Findings from the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe occurrence and healthcare use trajectory of post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate these aspects in SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals with and without a PCC diagnosis.
methodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study of adults in Stockholm, Sweden, with a verified infection from 1 March 2020 to 31 July 2021, stratified by the severity of the acute infection. The outcome was a PCC diagnosis registered any time 90-360 days after a positive test. We performed Cox regression models to assess baseline characteristics associated with the PCC diagnosis. Individuals diagnosed with PCC were then propensity-score matched to individuals without a diagnosis to assess healthcare use beyond the acute infection.
resultsAmong 204,805 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals, the proportion receiving a PCC diagnosis was 1% among individuals not hospitalized for their COVID-19 infection, 6% among hospitalized, and 32% among intensive care unit (ICU)-treated individuals. The most common new-onset symptom diagnosis codes among individuals with a PCC diagnosis were fatigue (29%) among nonhospitalized and dyspnea among both hospitalized (25%) and ICU-treated (41%) individuals. Female sex was associated with a PCC diagnosis among nonhospitalized and hospitalized individuals, with interactions between age and sex. Previous mental health disorders and asthma were associated with a PCC diagnosis among nonhospitalized and hospitalized individuals. Among individuals with a PCC diagnosis, the monthly proportion with outpatient care was substantially elevated up to 1 year after acute infection compared to before, with substantial proportions of this care attributed to PCC-related care.
conclusionThe differential association of age, sex, comorbidities, and healthcare use with the severity of the acute infection indicates different trajectories and phenotypes of PCC, with incomplete resolution 1 year after infection.
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