ArticleEchocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)2023
Vendor independent myocardial strain values in children.
Article in Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Applications of speckle tracking echocardiography in paediatric and congenital heart disease: an expert consensus paper from AEPC Imaging Working Group.European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2026Article
- Pediatric Echocardiographic Nomograms: Twenty Years of Advances-Do We Now Have a Complete and Reliable Tool, or Are Gaps Still Present? An Up-to-Date Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Normal Values for Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Children: A Review, Update, and Guide for Clinical Use of Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Pediatric Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Permanent longitudinal strain damage of cardiotoxic drugs in childhood cancer: What is the safe level?Annals of pediatric cardiologyArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTwo-dimensional (2D) strain imaging has become an important tool in assessing subclinical myocardial dysfunction in children. However, there are no published normal values for vendor-independent strain software. The aim of this study was to estimate 2D strain values in a cohort of healthy children using Tomtec cardiac performance analysis (CPA), a vendor-independent software.
methodsTransthoracic echocardiograms of healthy pediatric outpatients (0-18 years) were retrospectively analyzed from the Vanderbilt Pediatric Heart Institute using CPA. The cardiac assessment included global longitudinal strain (GLS), global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR), global circumferential strain (GCS), and global circumferential strain rate (GCSR). Mean strain values with standard deviation (SD) are reported. The Wilcoxon rank sum test, linear regression, and one-way analysis of variance were used to assess differences among the various groups.
resultsAmong 142 children analyzed, 79 (56%) were male, and the median age was 5.5 (range, 0-18) years. The mean (SD) strain values were GLS -19.3 ± 3.4, GLSR -1.1 ± .22; GCS -24.7 ± 4.3, GCSR -1.5 ± .28. Age accounted for <8% of the variation in GLS, GCS, and GCSR. However, for GLSR, there was a statistically significant difference between younger and older age groups with higher GLSR in the younger age group. Age accounted for ∼25% of the variation in GLSR (R
conclusionWe report normal myocardial strain values in healthy children by age for strain using CPA. These values add to the growing body of literature on myocardial strain in children and provide necessary data for the interpretation of strain imaging.
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