Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36472999›Full record

ArticlePloS one2022

Parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A one-year follow-up.

Ragnhild Bjørknes, Jens Christoffer Skogen, Ane Nærde, Gro Mjeldheim Sandal, Ellen Haug, Silje Mæland, Lars T Fadnes, Stine Lehmann

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Ragnhild BjørknesDepartment of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-8557-2440
Jens Christoffer SkogenDepartment of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-0722-5440
Ane NærdeThe Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway.
Gro Mjeldheim SandalDepartment of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Ellen HaugDepartment of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Silje MælandDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Lars T FadnesDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Stine LehmannDepartment of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway · NOUniversity of Bergen · NOHaukeland University Hospital · NONLA University College · NONORCE Research AS · NONorwegian Institute of Public Health · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis two-wave longitudinal study aimed at increasing knowledge about levels of parental stressors and rewards among mothers and fathers of children aged 1-18 during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway.

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and infection-control measures have caused changes to family life. Managing homeschooling or caring for younger children while working from home may have posed significant strain on parental stress, negatively impacting the quality of parent-child relationships and parents' sensitivity to their children's needs.

methodWe employed data collected in April 2020 and April 2021 from the longitudinal population-based survey in Bergen/Norway (Bergen in ChangE-study). 7424 parents participated (58.6% mothers and 41.5% fathers).

resultsThe overall levels of parental stressors and rewards did not change significantly. Over the two time points, the factors associated with decreased parental stressors were being male, aged 40-49 years, having a relatively high income, and reporting initial difficulties with closed kindergartens or schools. For parents aged 18-29 years, the level of parental stressors increased.

conclusionThe study suggests that the overall levels of parental stress remained unchanged during the first year of the pandemic. Even so, the study also uncovered that younger parents represented a vulnerable subgroup. IMPLICATIONS: To prevent detrimental consequences in the wake of the pandemic, it could be important to increase awareness and competence among professional staff in kindergartens, primary schools, and child health clinics targeting young parents and their children.

Indexed as

COVID-19FemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMalePandemicsParentsSchools

Identifiers

PMID36472999
PMCPMC9725124
OpenAlexW4311574493

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.