Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36465848›Full record

ArticleSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society2022

Assessment of knowledge and awareness of safe disposal of unused or expired medication in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Abdulhamid Althagafi, Mohannad Alshibani, Samah Alshehri, Ahmed Noor, Alaa Baglagel, Tahani Almeleebia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Abdulhamid AlthagafiFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mohannad AlshibaniFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Samah AlshehriFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed NoorFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Alaa BaglagelFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Tahani AlmeleebiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Poor waste management of unused or expired medications jeopardizes healthcare staff, employees who oversee medical waste, patients and their families, the neighboring population, and environmental contamination. In addition, the inappropriate treatment or disposal of that waste leads to. In addition, medical waste disposal exerts an intolerable burden on the economy of health care facilities. Currently, there is a lack of data in community settings regarding adequate methods of medication disposal in Saudi Arabia. Aim of the Study: The current study aimed to evaluate current knowledge and awareness of the safe disposal of unused or expired medicines in the Saudi Arabia. Method: A survey study was conducted in Saudi Arabia within 5 months from October 2021-February 2022. The survey was distributed to participants via social media channels. The questionnaire was constituted of 16 items divided into three sections: demographic information, quantification, and characterization of unused and expired medication at home, and practice and attitude regarding the disposal of unused or expired medication. Results: The survey was taken by 1105 participants and 1100 (99.54%) participants completed the survey. The study found that (49.1%) of participants stored medicines at home and these medicines were mainly stored in the refrigerator (64.4%). Household trash was the most frequent method of disposal (79.5%). Non-prescribed medicines (67%) were mainly stored as unused or expiry medicines at home followed by prescribed medicines (51.9%). The main reason for the storage of unused/expired medicines at home was stopped medication after recovery (68.5%). Only 8.4% of participants had received appropriate education or training related to the correct disposal of medication. The best-practiced method to increase community awareness regarding the disposal of unused or expiry medicine was awareness through social networking (70.3%). In conclusion, patients' education regarding safe medication disposal and availability of medication disposal program is necessary to improve appropriate medication waste methods and decrease possible environmental harm.

Indexed as

Environmental hazardExpiry medicinesMedication disposal methodsPharmaceutical waste

Identifiers

PMID36465848
PMCPMC9715641

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.