ArticleIntegrated pharmacy research & practice2022
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacy Professionals Against Dispensing Antibiotics Without Prescription in Ethiopia.
Article in Integrated pharmacy research & practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stewardship without walls: taming the unregulated antibiotic economy to contain antimicrobial resistance in Ethiopia.Nature communications · 2026Review
- A systematic review of antimicrobial stewardship practices and challenges in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) regulated retail medicine settings.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Knowledge, attitude and practice towards antimicrobial resistance among final-year undergraduate students in the health sciences at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2026Article
- Exploring behavioral determinants of antimicrobial dispensing in drug retail outlets of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a mixed methods study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pollution by antimicrobials and antibiotic resistance genes in East Africa: Occurrence, sources, and potential environmental implications.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Assessment of home storage of antimicrobials and its predictors in Mecha demographic surveillance and field research center: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat that warrants immediate intervention. Dispensing of antibiotics without prescription (DAWP), is an inappropriate practice that contributes significantly to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. The current study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of community pharmacists and pharmacy assistants towards DAWP. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and data was collected from community pharmacists and pharmacy assistants during the eighth national pharmacist's day, which was held on December 4, 2021, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire comprise of four sections (socio-demographic characteristics, and knowledge, attitude and practice towards DAWP) was used. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26 and descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, standard deviation) were computed. Binary logistic regression was used to predict determinates of DAWP. Results: A total of 175 community pharmacy professional were invited in the study, with 158 (111 pharmacists and 47 pharmacy assistants) completing the survey for 90.3% response rate. Most of the participants (86.7%) were aware that DAWP is illegal in Ethiopia. Despite their knowledge, the extent of DAWP was found to be 67.7%. The most common reason given by study participants for DAWP was that most patients do not want to consult prescribers unless the infection appears serious (53.2%). Pharmacy professionals with educational background of masters and above (AOR= 0.354, 95% CI: 0.013-0.744, P= 0.045), and with two to five years of working in community pharmacy (AOR= 0.745, 95% CI: 0.595-0.933, P= 0.010) had a lower tendency to DAWP, respectively. Conclusion: Despite majority of pharmacy professional are aware that DAWP is illegal and contributes to antibiotic resistance, they commonly DAWP for common cold and diarrheal diseases. Strict enforcement of existing antibiotic supply policies, and ongoing educational support for community pharmacy professionals on the judicious use of antibiotics is recommended.
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