ArticleBMC oral health2022
Gene expression analysis of toll like receptor 2 and 4, Dectin-1, Osteopontin and inflammatory cytokines in human dental pulp ex-vivo.
Article in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beta-glucan promotes dental pulp healing by enhancing cell proliferation, migration, and mineralization.Journal of dental sciences · 2025Article
- Immunoregulatory Roles of Osteopontin in Diseases.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Association of polymicrobial interactions with dental caries development and prevention.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundToll like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 present on innate immune cells of the dental pulp detect cariogenic bacteria. Along with bacteria, C. albicans may also be present in dental caries. The presence of C. albicans can be detected by Dectin-1 a C type Lectin receptor. Expression of Dectin-1 in human pulpits has not been reported. Similarly, cytokines are released as a consequence of dental pulp inflammation caused by cariogenic bacteria. The T helper (Th) 1 inflammatory response leads to exacerbation of inflammation and its relationship with Osteopontin (OPN) is not known in pulp inflammation.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to observe the expression of Dectin-1, TLR-2, OPN and pro-inflammatory cytokines in irreversibly inflamed human dental pulp and to observe relationship between Dectin-1/TLR-2 and OPN/Pro-inflammatory cytokines in the presence of appropriate controls.
methodsA total of 28 subjects diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis were included in this ex-vivo study. Fifteen samples were subjected to standard hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry staining. Whereas, gene expression analysis was performed on 13 samples to observe mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1 beta (ß), IL-6 Dectin-1, OPN, TLR-2 and TLR-4. SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation and Chi-square test were used at p ≤ 0.05.
resultsGene expressions of Dectin-1, TLR-2 and TLR-4 were observed in all samples. Dectin-1 and TLR-2 expressions were significantly correlated (r = 0.5587, p = 0.0002). Similarly, OPN and TNF-α expression showed a significant correlation (r = 0.5860, p = 0001). The agreement between histologic and clinical diagnosis was 69.2% in the cases of irreversible pulpitis.
conclusionDectin-1 was expressed by inflamed human dental pulp. Dectin-1 and TLR-2 expression pattern was suggestive of a collaborative receptor response in inflamed pulp environment. OPN and TNF-α expressions showed a positive correlation indicating a possible relationship.
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