ArticleBMC public health2022
The determinants of immunization coverage among children aged between 12 and 35 months: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Determinants of Parental Adherence to Childhood Immunization Among Children Under Five in Marginalized Asian Populations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Decentralization and immunization program in a single-party state: the case of the Lao People's Democratic Republic.Tropical medicine and health · 2024Article
- Health economic analysis and medical cost analysis of children with severe hepatitis B in China: A retrospective study from 2016 to 2022.Chinese medical journal · 2024Article
- Access Barriers to Healthcare and Full Childhood Immunization Coverage in East Africa (2015-2023): A Propensity Score Matched Analysis.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
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Abstract
backgroundImmunization is one of the most important public health interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in children. However, factors contributing to low immunization coverage are not fully understood in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with full immunization coverage among children between 12 and 35 months, providing up-to-date information for immunization programs in Lao PDR.
methodsWe analyzed the subpopulation of a nationwide cross-sectional survey using a multistage cluster sampling procedure to evaluate the measles and rubella seroepidemiology. In addition, we categorized children aged between 12 and 35 months into two groups: "fully immunized" children with a birth dose of Bacillus Calmette and Guérin vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine (Hep B), one and three doses for the measles-containing vaccine (MCV) and pentavalent vaccine and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and "partially immunized" children who missed any dose of vaccine. Immunization coverage was calculated as the ratio of "fully immunized" to the total. We compared the groups' demographic characteristics and health service utilization as independent variables. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between immunization coverage, various demographic factors, and health service utilization.
resultsOverall, 256 of the 416 targeted pairs were included in the analysis. In total, 67.6% of the children were fully immunized. Childbirth at hospitals or health facilities (adjusted odds ratio: 9.75, 95% confidence interval: 5.72-16.62, p < 0.001) was the predictor of full immunization coverage. The 83 children in the partially immunized groups were attributed to Hep B at birth (46, 55.4%), three doses of PCV (34, 41.0%), and the first dose of the MCV (27, 32.5%).
conclusionOur study elucidated that the immunization status among children aged between 12 and 35 months in Lao PDR is satisfactory in improving access to healthcare by strengthening communication with residents regarding health service utilization, and expanding mobile outreach services may play a pivotal role in this endeavor. Further research is warranted to evaluate efforts to increase immunization coverage and target populations with limited access to healthcare.
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