ArticleBMC medical imaging2022
Short- and long-term reproducibility of peripheral superficial vein depth and diameter measurements using ultrasound imaging.
Article in BMC medical imaging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Forearm Supination Increases the Safety Corridor and Target Exposure for Ultrasound-Guided Flexor Pollicis Longus Injection: A Prospective Study in Healthy Adults.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ultrasound vessel sizing before cannulation: a measurement-first approach for anesthesiologists.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a competing risk nomogram for predicting PICC-related venous thrombosis in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Vein depth and diameter as predictive indicators of visibility and palpability during venipuncture in healthy volunteers.PloS one · 2025Article
- Dual-mode optical projection mapping system: integration of laser speckle contrast and subcutaneous vein imaging.Biomedical engineering letters · 2024Article
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3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUltrasound imaging is used for diagnosis, treatment, and blood vessel visualization during venous catheter placement. However, various physiological factors (e.g., body temperature and exercise) influence vein diameters, which are expected to exhibit daily or diurnal fluctuations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the intraday (short-term) and interday (long-term) reproducibility of repeated measurements of the depth and diameter of peripheral superficial veins.
methodsTwenty-three healthy young women (mean age, 21.7 ± 0.8 years) participated in the study to examine the short- and long-term reproducibility of the depth and diameter of the cutaneous vein in the left elbow fossa acquired by ultrasound imaging. Short-term measurement intervals were 10 s, and the probe was released from the skin for each acquisition, which was repeated five consecutive times. Long-term measurements were performed at the same time on the next day following the same procedure. The acquired images were analyzed for vein depth and diameter using ImageJ software. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to determine the short- and long-term reproducibility of the measurements. The relationship between the venous depth and venous diameter intra-individual variation was analyzed, as well as the influence of body composition (body fat and muscle mass) on the venous diameter and depth.
resultsFor vein depth measurements, the short- and long-term ICCs were 0.94-0.96 and 0.88, respectively. For the vein diameter, the short- and long-term ICCs were 0.94-0.97 and 0.67, respectively. The short-term ICCs for both vein depth and diameter exceeded 0.9, indicating that the ultrasound vascular measurement was sufficiently reliable. However, long-term reproducibility was slightly lower, especially for the vein diameter. No correlation was found between the intra-individual variation of the vein diameter and vein depth. Although the vein diameter and body fat mass uncorrelated, the vein depth and body fat mass significantly correlated (r = 0.675, 95% confidence interval = 0.281-0.830).
conclusionsThe long-term reproducibility of vein diameters was somewhat lower than that of the short-term reproducibility. This could be attributed to fluctuations in the physiological state of the participant rather than to the instability of the measurement. Therefore, ultrasound measurement of the peripheral superficial vein is sufficiently reliable.
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