Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36460976›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2022

Investigate the relationship between cell-phone over-use scale with depression, anxiety and stress among university students.

Shima Hashemi, Firoozeh Ghazanfari, Farzad Ebrahimzadeh, Saeed Ghavi, Afsaneh Badrizadeh

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
7.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Shima HashemiStudent Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Firoozeh GhazanfariDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. firoozeh.ghazanfari@yahoo.com.
Farzad EbrahimzadehNutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Saeed GhaviDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Afsaneh BadrizadehSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences · IRBirjand University of Medical Sciences · IRIlam University · IRLorestan University · IR

Funding

Lorestan University of Medical Sciences IR.LUMS.REC.1397-1-99-1253
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCell phones have increased dramatically as a new communication technology in the modern world. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cell phone over use scale with depression, anxiety and stress among university students in Khorramabad, Iran.

methodsIn this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, 212 students were randomly selected from the Lorestan University of Medical Sciences by a combination of stratified and clustered random sampling. Data were collected by two standard questionnaires including, Cell-phone Over-use Scale (COS) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS-21) and were analyzed using SPSS V.22.

resultsBased on the results, 72.2% of the students were exclusively male, which a majority of them were in age of 21-23 years (46.2%), and 92.5% were single. Based on the multiple linear regression and after adjustment for the confounding effect, there was a significant relationship between cell phone over use scale on student's stress (t = 2.614, P = 0.010), and student's anxiety (t = 2.209, P = 0.028); however there was not a significant relationship between cell phone over use scale on student's depression (t = 1.790, P = 0.075).

conclusionsHarmful use of cell phones can aggravate psychological disorders such as anxiety, stress and depression and by controlling this factor can increase the level of mental health and improve the quality of life in students.

trial registrationLorestan University of Medical Sciences. ID: IR.LUMS.REC.1397-1-99-1253.

Indexed as

DepressionQuality of LifeAdultAnxietyBenzopyransCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleStudentsSulfonamidesUniversitiesYoung AdultBenzopyransSulfonamidesT 614AnxietyCell phone over useDepressionMental healthStressStudents

Identifiers

PMID36460976
PMCPMC9716159
OpenAlexW4311104047

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.