ArticleScientific reports2022
Long-term ambient hydrocarbon exposure and incidence of urinary bladder cancer.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic ambient air pollution and the incidence of blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis: a nationwide population-based cohort study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Urinary exosomal miRNA profiling reveals sensitive non-invasive detection of bladder cancer.BMC urology · 2026Article
- Article
- Treatment Patterns and Radical Cystectomy Outcomes in Patients Diagnosed With Urothelial Nonmetastatic Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in the United States.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Bladder Cancer Carcinogens: Opportunities for Risk Reduction.European urology focus · 2023Review
- Bladder Cancer in Lebanon: An Updated Epidemiological Comparison with Global Regions and a Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterReview
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Particulate matter and volatile organic compounds, including total hydrocarbons (THCs), are major ambient air pollutants. Primary nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) originate from vehicle emissions. The association between air pollution and urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is debatable. We investigated whether long-term exposure to ambient hydrocarbons increases UBC risk among people aged ≥ 20 years in Taiwan. Linkage dataset research with longitudinal design was conducted among 589,135 initially cancer-free individuals during 2000-2013; 12 airborne pollutants were identified. Several Cox models considering potential confounders were employed. The study outcomes were invasive or in situ UBC incidence over time. The targeted pollutant concentration was divided into three tertiles: T1/T2/T3. The mean age of individuals at risk was 42.5 (SD 15.7), and 50.5% of the individuals were men. The mean daily average over 10 years of airborne THC concentration was 2.25 ppm (SD 0.13), and NMHC was 0.29 ppm (SD 0.09). Both pollutants show long-term monotonic downward trend over time using the Mann-Kendall test. There was a dose-dependent increase in UBC at follow-up. UBC incidence per 100,000 enrollees according to T1/T2/T3 exposure to THC was 60.9, 221.2, and 651.8, respectively; it was 170.0/349.5/426.7 per 100,000 enrollees, corresponding to T1/T2/T3 exposure to NMHC, respectively. Without controlling for confounding air pollutants, the adjusted hazard ratio (adj.HR) was 1.83 (95% CI 1.75-1.91) per 0.13-ppm increase in THC; after controlling for PM
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