Trial reportVaccine2023
Costs of delivering human papillomavirus vaccination using a one- or two-dose strategy in Tanzania.
Trial report in Vaccine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02834637 (A Dose Reduction Immunobridging and Safety Study of Two HPV Vaccines in Tanzanian Girls), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Dose Reduction Immunobridging and Safety Study of Two HPV Vaccines in Tanzanian Girls
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Costs of human papillomavirus vaccine delivery in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Vaccine · 2024Pooled it
- Financing of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Africa: A Scoping Review.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Article
- From Awareness to ACTion Study: Improving Human Papillomavirus Knowledge, Screening, and Vaccine Uptake in Adolescent-Mother Pairs in the HOMINY study in Nigeria.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- HPV vaccination in Iran: expert perspectives on family dynamics and barriers.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Supply, demand and use of economic evidence in vaccine policymaking in Africa: A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- MCMC-Driven mathematical modeling of the impact of HPV vaccine uptake in reducing cervical cancer.Scientific African · 2025Article
- Factors associated with HPV vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in Africa: a systematic review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Evaluating potential program cost savings with a single-dose HPV vaccination schedule: a modeling study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2024Article
- The cost of human papillomavirus vaccination delivery at the administrative and health facility levels in the Philippines.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- Cost and operational context for national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine delivery in six low- and middle-income countries.Vaccine · 2023Article
- A call for switching to a 1-dose 9vHPV national vaccination program in Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAs part of the Dose Reduction Immunobridging and Safety Study of Two HPV Vaccines in Tanzanian Girls (DoRIS; NCT02834637), the current study is one of the first to evaluate the financial and economic costs of the national rollout of an HPV vaccination program in school-aged girls in sub-Saharan Africa and the potential costs associated with a single dose HPV vaccine program, given recent evidence suggesting that a single dose may be as efficacious as a two-dose regimen.
methodsThe World Health Organization's (WHO) Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Costing (C4P) micro-costing tool was used to estimate the total financial and economic costs of the national vaccination program from the perspective of the Tanzanian government. Cost data were collected in 2019 via surveys, workshops, and interviews with local stakeholders for vaccines and injection supplies, microplanning, training, sensitization, service delivery, supervision, and cold chain. The cost per two-dose and one-dose fully immunized girl (FIG) was calculated.
resultsThe total financial and economic costs were US$10,117,455 and US$45,683,204, respectively, at a financial cost of $5.17 per two-dose FIG, and an economic cost of $23.34 per FIG. Vaccine and vaccine-related costs comprised the largest proportion of costs, followed by service delivery. In a one-dose scenario, the cost per FIG reduced to $2.51 (financial) and $12.18 (economic), with the largest reductions in vaccine and injection supply costs, and service delivery.
conclusionsThe overall cost of Tanzania's HPV vaccination program was lower per vaccinee than costs estimated from previous demonstration projects in the region, especially in a single-dose scenario. Given the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization's recent recommendation to update dosing schedules to either one or two doses of the HPV vaccine, these data provide important baseline data for Tanzania and may serve as a guide for improving coverage going forward. The findings may also aid in the prioritization of funding for countries that have not yet added HPV vaccines to their routine immunizations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.