ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2023
Retinal vascular fractal dimension measurements in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a retrospective case-control study.
Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic impact of sleep-disordered breathing on mortality and cardiovascular events in renal dialysis: A meta-analysis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Association of nasopharynx cancer with obstructive sleep apnea.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Association between retinal vascular fractal dimension and hearing loss: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of visual acuity with sleep quality and sleep duration in patients with type 2 diabetes: evidence from a cross-sectional analysis of the Fushun Diabetic Retinopathy Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sleep duration and pain during the COVID-19 pandemic with depression and chronic diseases as mediators.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesWe performed a case-control study to investigate the correlation between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the retinal vascular fractal dimension (FD).
methodsWe selected 527 individuals who underwent polysomnography during health checkups at the Huadong Sanatorium from January to December 2021 as the study population, of whom 468 were included and 59 were excluded. All participants underwent a detailed health examination, including medical history assessment, physical examination, assessment of lifestyle factors, fundus photography, and laboratory examinations. The retinal vasculature was quantitatively assessed using Singapore I Vessel Assessment (SIVA) software. The relationship between the AHI and the retinal vessel quantitative was examined by multiple linear regression analyses and restricted cubic spline.
resultsAmong the 468 studied individuals, the average age was 51.51 (43-58) years, with 369 (78.85%) men and 99 (21.15%) women. According to the AHI indicator, 355 individuals were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, with an average AHI of 17.00 (9.200-30.130) events/h; 113 individuals were classified as controls, with an average AHI of 2.13 (0.88-3.63) events/h. In multiple linear regression, following varying degrees of adjustment for confounding factors, FD was reduced by 0.013 (
conclusionsThe FD is associated with AHI in OSA individuals. The link between AHI and FD varied for OSA individuals with and without diabetes. CITATION: Wang J, Chen T, Qi X, Li Y, Yang X, Meng X. Retinal vascular fractal dimension measurements in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a retrospective case-control study.
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