ReviewJournal of medical virology2023
Molecular evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from December 2019 to August 2022.
Review in Journal of medical virology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Arming Inactivated Enveloped Virus Vaccines with theVaccines · 2026Review
- Impact of Early COVID-19 Antiviral Therapy on the Incidence of Uveitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the TriNetX Database.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Observational
- Two years of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance capacity development in Guinea.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Observational
- Intra-host variation and transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron outbreaks in Shandong, China.mSphere · 2025Article
- Large-Scale Saliva-Based Clinical Surveillance Enables Real Time SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak Detection and Genomic Tracking (Arizona, 2020-2023).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genomic, socio-environmental, and sequencing capability patterns in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Latin America and the Caribbean up to 2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants using pooled WGS.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Variable rates of SARS-CoV-2 evolution in chronic infections.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The R203M and D377Y mutations of the nucleocapsid protein promote SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by impairing RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Enhancing survival prediction for COVID-19 in diabetic patients in Mexico: integrating RMST, propensity score matching, and ensemble machine learning.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Factors Predicting COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Longevity of Humoral Immune Responses.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Article
- Immunoreactivity Analysis of MHC-I Epitopes Derived from the Nucleocapsid Protein of SARS-CoV-2 via Computation and Vaccination.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Influence of SARS-CoV-2 variants on COVID-19 epidemiological and clinical profiles: a comparative analysis of two waves of cases.Virology journal · 2024Observational
- Optimal surgical timing for lung cancer following SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective multicenter cohort study.BMC cancer · 2024Observational
- Genome sequencing of SARS-Co-V-2 reveals mutations including F559I and V781D in S protein and LI123-124L in the nsp6 in 21K and 21L clades.Virusdisease · 2024Article
- Dynamic clade transitions and the influence of vaccination on the spatiotemporal circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Preeclampsia in the Context of COVID-19: Mechanisms, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Outcomes.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Review
- Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax in coronavirus disease-2019: Description of a case series and a matched cohort study.Heliyon · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratorysyndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic spread rapidly and this scenario is concerning worldwide, presenting more than 590 million coronavirus disease 2019 cases and 6.4 million deaths. The emergence of novel lineages carrying several mutations in the spike protein has raised additional public health concerns worldwide during the pandemic. The present study review and summarizes the temporal spreading and molecular evolution of SARS-CoV-2 clades and variants worldwide. The evaluation of these data is important for understanding the evolutionary histories of SARSCoV-2 lineages, allowing us to identify the origins of each lineage of this virus responsible for one of the biggest pandemics in history. A total of 2897 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences with available information from the country and sampling date (December 2019 to August 2022), were obtained and were evaluated by Bayesian approach. The results demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 the time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) in Asia was 2019-12-26 (highest posterior density 95% [HPD95%]: 2019-12-18; 2019-12-29), in Oceania 2020-01-24 (HPD95%: 2020-01-15; 2020-01-30), in Africa 2020-02-27 (HPD95%: 2020-02-21; 2020-03-04), in Europe 2020-02-27 (HPD95%: 2020-02-20; 2020-03-06), in North America 2020-03-12 (HPD95%: 2020-03-05; 2020-03-18), and in South America 2020-03-15 (HPD95%: 2020-03-09; 2020-03-28). Between December 2019 and June 2020, 11 clades were detected (20I [Alpha] and 19A, 19B, 20B, 20C, 20A, 20D, 20E [EU1], 20F, 20H [Beta]). From July to December 2020, 4 clades were identified (20J [Gamma, V3], 21 C [Epsilon], 21D [Eta], and 21G [Lambda]). Between January and June 2021, 3 clades of the Delta variant were detected (21A, 21I, and 21J). Between July and December 2021, two variants were detected, Delta (21A, 21I, and 21J) and Omicron (21K, 21L, 22B, and 22C). Between January and June 2022, the Delta (21I and 21J) and Omicron (21K, 21L, and 22A) variants were detected. Finally, between July and August 2022, 3 clades of Omicron were detected (22B, 22C, and 22D). Clade 19A was first detected in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (Wuhan strain) with origin in 2019-12-16 (HPD95%: 2019-12-15; 2019-12-25); 20I (Alpha) in 2020-11-24 (HPD95%: 2020-11-15; 2021-12-02); 20H (Beta) in 2020-11-25 (HPD95%: 2020-11-13; 2020-11-29); 20J (Gamma) was 2020-12-21 (HPD95%: 2020-11-05; 2021-01-15); 21A (Delta) in 2020-09-20 (HPD95%: 2020-05-17; 2021-02-03); 21J (Delta) in 2021-02-26 (2020-11-02; 2021-04-24); 21M (Omicron) in 2021-01-25 (HPD95%: 2020-09-16; 2021-08-08); 21K (Omicron) in 2021-07-30 (HPD95%: 2021-05-30; 2021-10-19); 21L (Omicron) in 2021-10-03 (HPD95%: 2021-04-16; 2021-12-23); 22B (Omicron) in 2022-01-25 (HPD95%: 2022-01-10; 2022-02-05); 21L in 2021-12-20 (HPD95%: 2021-05-16; 2021-12-31). Currently, the Omicron variant predominates worldwide, with the 21L clade branching into 3 (22A, 22B, and 22C). Phylogeographic data showed that Alpha variant originated in the United Kingdom, Beta in South Africa, Gamma in Brazil, Delta in India, Omicron in South Africa, Mu in Colombia, Epsilon in the United States of America, and Lambda in Peru. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on global health worldwide and the present study provides an overview of the molecular evolution of SARS-CoV-2 lineage clades (from the Wuhan strain to the currently circulating lineages of the Omicron).
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