ArticlePediatric research2023
Associations between socioeconomic gradients and racial disparities in preadolescent brain outcomes.
Article in Pediatric research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Demographics change the relationships between socioeconomic status, white matter network organization, and cognition in children.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Reply to Zhao and Li: Does upper airway volume truly predict adolescent brain structure and cognition?American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Geographic Measures of Early Life-Course Social Exposome in the Evaluation of Structural Neuroanatomy: A Scoping Review.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Review
- Maternal Socioeconomic Opportunity and Race-Ethnicity Intersect to Influence Fetal Brain Volumes in Congenital Heart Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Association Between Neighborhood Opportunity, Cognitive Function, and Brain Structure in Youths.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Sex-at-Birth and Age Analyses of Cortical Structure in the ABCD Study.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Understanding racial/ethnic differences in e-cigarette outcome expectancies among early adolescents: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Frontiers in adolescent medicine · 2025Article
- Cognitive weaknesses or impairments on the NIH toolbox cognition battery in children and adolescents: base rates in a normative sample and proposed methods for classification.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Interpreting Health Differences between Self-reported Black and White Children in U.S.: Insights from a Methodological Perspective.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Pandora's Box.BJPsych international · 2023Article
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13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the extent to which socioeconomic characteristics of the home and neighborhood are associated with racial inequalities in brain outcomes.
methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline dataset (v.2.0.1) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Cognitive performance was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox (NIH-TB) cognitive battery. Standard socioeconomic indicators of the family and neighborhood were derived from census-related statistics. Cortical morphometric measures included MRI-derived thickness, area, and volume.
results9638 children were included. Each NIH-TB cognitive measure was negatively associated with household and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics. Differences in cognitive scores between Black or Hispanic children and other racial groups were mitigated by higher household income. Most children from lowest-income families or residents in impoverished neighborhoods were Black or Hispanic. These disparities were associated with racial differences in NIH-TB measures and mediated by smaller cortical brain volumes.
conclusionsNeighborhood socioeconomic characteristics are associated with racial differences in preadolescent brain outcomes and mitigated by greater household income. Household income mediates racial differences more strongly than neighborhood-level socioeconomic indicators in brain outcomes. Highlighting these socioeconomic risks may direct focused policy-based interventions such as allocation of community resources to ensure equitable brain outcomes in children. IMPACT: Neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics are associated with racial differences in preadolescent brain outcomes and mitigated by greater household income. Household income mediates racial differences more strongly than neighborhood-level socioeconomic indicators in brain outcomes. Highlighting these disparities related to socioeconomic risks may direct focused policy-based interventions such as allocation of community resources to ensure equitable brain outcomes in children.
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