ArticleSystematic biology2023
Both Diet and Sociality Affect Primate Brain-Size Evolution.
Article in Systematic biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- CapuchinAI 1.0: Development of a Machine Learning-Based Touchscreen Paradigm to Test Cognition in Wild Capuchins.American journal of primatology · 2026Article
- Animal acoustic communication has a conserved optimal rhythm within the neural delta range.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Macroevolution of Steep Interspecific Metabolic Allometry in an Old Insect Order.Ecology letters · 2026Article
- Machine learning approaches to dietary classification from dental microtexture in primates.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Origins of violence: evolutionary decoupling between mild and lethal conspecific aggression in primates.Evolution letters · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic comparative methods for studying adaptation: the adaptation-inertia framework.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2026Review
- Dental topography and diet in marsupials and comparisons with primates.Journal of mammalian evolution · 2026Article
- CapuchinAI 1.0: Development of a machine learning-based touchscreen paradigm to test cognition in wild capuchins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Foraging with your eyes: a novel task to study cognitive strategies involved in (visual) foraging behaviour.Cognitive processing · 2025Article
- Proximate mechanisms underlying the coevolution of diet quality and relative brain size in primates.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Why did the human brain size evolve? A way forward.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Adaptation in the Alleyways: Candidate Genes Under Potential Selection in Urban Coyotes.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Blouch: Bayesian Linear Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Models for Comparative Hypotheses.Systematic biology · 2024Article
- Serial visual reversal learning in captive black-handed spider monkeys, Ateles geoffroyi.Animal cognition · 2024Article
- Short-term memory, attentional control and brain size in primates.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- An Ecological and Neural Argument for Developing Pursuit-Based Cognitive Enrichment for Sea Lions in Human Care.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- A Cautionary Note on "A Cautionary Note on the Use of Ornstein Uhlenbeck Models in Macroevolutionary Studies".Systematic biology · 2023Article
- From fossils to mind.Communications biology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Increased brain size in humans and other primates is hypothesized to confer cognitive benefits but brings costs associated with growing and maintaining energetically expensive neural tissue. Previous studies have argued that changes in either diet or levels of sociality led to shifts in brain size, but results were equivocal. Here we test these hypotheses using phylogenetic comparative methods designed to jointly account for and estimate the effects of adaptation and phylogeny. Using the largest current sample of primate brain and body sizes with observation error, complemented by newly compiled diet and sociality data, we show that both diet and sociality have influenced the evolution of brain size. Shifting from simple to more complex levels of sociality resulted in relatively larger brains, while shifting to a more folivorous diet led to relatively smaller brains. While our results support the role of sociality, they modify a range of ecological hypotheses centered on the importance of frugivory, and instead indicate that digestive costs associated with increased folivory may have resulted in relatively smaller brains. [adaptation; allometry; bayou; evolutionary trend; energetic constraints; phylogenetic comparative methods; primate brain size; Slouch; social-brain hypothesis.].
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.