ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2023
Sleep disorders and polysomnography findings in patients with autoimmune encephalitis.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autonomic Dysfunction and Sleep Disorder in 35 Autoimmune Encephalitis.Sleep medicine: X · 2026Article
- Circadian rhythms in pediatric neurocritical care: interfaces and opportunities.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- REM sleep atonia in patients with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome: implications for pathophysiology.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
- Anti-dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein-6 encephalitis with late-onset gastric cancer: A case report and 2-year follow-up.Medicine · 2025Article
- Sleep Disturbances in Autoimmune Neurological Diseases: Mechanisms, Clinical Characteristics, Assessment, and Treatment Strategies.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Distinctive sleep complaints and polysomnographic findings in antibody subgroups of autoimmune limbic encephalitis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- REM Behavior Disorder: Implications for PD Therapeutics.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSleep disorders in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) are increasingly reported. Early recognition and treatment have significant importance regarding the potential of sleep disorders' effect on morbidity and even mortality. There are a limited number of studies related to polysomnography (PSG) in these patients. Here, we report the clinical and PSG data of patients with AE and sleep disorders, with a particular interest in sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD).
methodsSeventeen patients with diagnosed AE and acute or subacute onset sleep complaints who underwent video-electroencephalography-PSG recordings in our tertiary center were investigated.
resultsThe mean age was 50, with eight females and nine males. The detected antibodies were against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1(LGI-1) in 6, anti-contactin-associated protein-2(CASPR2) in 3, voltage-gated potassium channel complex antigens(VGKC) in 1, anti-glycine in 1, dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein-6(DPPX) in 1, anti-Hu in 1, and anti-amphiphysin in 1. All commercially available and known autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies were negative in 3 of the patients. Final diagnosis after PSG was circadian rhythm sleep disorder (n = 3), periodic limb movement disorder (n = 3), insomnia (n = 5), central apnea with or without Cheyne-Stokes breathing (CSB) (n = 4), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (n = 4), non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM parasomnia (n = 8), faciobrachial dystonic seizures (n = 2), and subclinical seizures (n = 1). Sleep microstructure was disrupted in 9, REM periods without atonia occurred in 4, and brief sleep fragments consisting of theta activity interspersed with faster rhythms existed in 7 patients. Nearly half of our patients (47%) had SRBD, and the mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 14.
conclusionsSleep disorders are frequent and essential components of AEs. Systematic clinical questionnaires and routine PSG assessments would significantly impact the correct diagnosis and proper treatment of SRBD and the overall prognosis of AE.
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