ArticleScientific reports2022
Confounding effects of heart rate, breathing rate, and frontal fNIRS on interoception.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergy and Synchrony Between Beta-Theta Neurofeedback, Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback and Breathwork Via Continuous Feedback in Improving Reaction Time.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Article
- Attenuated heartbeat-evoked potentials in functional neurological disorder.Brain communications · 2026Article
- The Interoceptive Brain: Confidence Ratings and Accuracy Scores are Independently and Differently Associated With Task-Related Alpha Power During the Heartbeat Tracking Task.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- A Personalized Multimodal BCI-Soft Robotics System for Rehabilitating Upper Limb Function in Chronic Stroke Patients.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Attention to cardiac sensations enhances the heartbeat-evoked potential during exhalation.iScience · 2024Article
- Neural Function Desynchronisation in Left and Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortices During Virtual Reality Earthquake Video Viewing.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Heartbeat-evoked potentials following voluntary hyperventilation in epilepsy patients: respiratory influences on cardiac interoception.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Reduced Heartbeat-Evoked Responses in a Near-Death Case Report.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- Dynamic fluctuations in ascending heart-to-brain communication under mental stress.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2023Article
- Time-varying information measures: an adaptive estimation of information storage with application to brain-heart interactions.Frontiers in network physiology · 2023Article
- Slow-paced breathing enhancing emotional control accompanied with the change of the ∼0.1 Hz heartbeat evoked EEG.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies have established that cardiac and respiratory phases can modulate perception and related neural dynamics. While heart rate and respiratory sinus arrhythmia possibly affect interoception biomarkers, such as heartbeat-evoked potentials, the relative changes in heart rate and cardiorespiratory dynamics in interoceptive processes have not yet been investigated. In this study, we investigated the variation in heart and breathing rates, as well as higher functional dynamics including cardiorespiratory correlation and frontal hemodynamics measured with fNIRS, during a heartbeat counting task. To further investigate the functional physiology linked to changes in vagal activity caused by specific breathing rates, we performed the heartbeat counting task together with a controlled breathing rate task. The results demonstrate that focusing on heartbeats decreases breathing and heart rates in comparison, which may be part of the physiological mechanisms related to "listening" to the heart, the focus of attention, and self-awareness. Focusing on heartbeats was also observed to increase frontal connectivity, supporting the role of frontal structures in the neural monitoring of visceral inputs. However, cardiorespiratory correlation is affected by both heartbeats counting and controlled breathing tasks. Based on these results, we concluded that variations in heart and breathing rates are confounding factors in the assessment of interoceptive abilities and relative fluctuations in breathing and heart rates should be considered to be a mode of covariate measurement of interoceptive processes.
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