Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36450252›Full record

ArticleCell reports2022

Interpretable deep learning translation of GWAS and multi-omics findings to identify pathobiology and drug repurposing in Alzheimer's disease.

Jielin Xu, Chengsheng Mao, Yuan Hou, Yuan Luo, Jessica L Binder, Yadi Zhou, Lynn M Bekris, Jiyoung Shin, Ming Hu, Fei Wang and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is an agonist of the Alzheimer's disease-associated immune receptor TREM2.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Article
  14. Multi-View Biomedical Foundation Models for Molecule-Target and Property Prediction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
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  17. Network-based prediction and real-world patient data observation identify doxycycline as a repurposable drug in Alzheimer's disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Article
  18. Quo Vadis translational neuroscience?Translational neuroscience · 2026
    Review
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13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Jielin XuGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Chengsheng MaoDivision of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Yuan HouGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Yuan LuoDivision of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Jessica L BinderDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Yadi ZhouGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Lynn M BekrisGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Jiyoung ShinDivision of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Ming HuDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Fei WangDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Charis EngGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Tudor I OpreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Margaret E FlanaganDepartment of Pathology and Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Andrew A PieperHarrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland 44106, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Jeffrey CummingsChambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA.
James B LeverenzDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Feixiong ChengGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address: chengf@ccf.org.
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine · USNorthwestern University · USUniversity of New Mexico · USCleveland Clinic · USCornell University · USUniversity Hospitals of Cleveland · USUniversity of Nevada, Las Vegas · US

Funding

National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (NCRAD)U24AG021886 · NIA · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI TATIANA M. FOROUD · 2002 to 2026
$119.8M
Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Science Institute (NUCATS)UL1TR001422 · NCATS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI D'AQUILA, RICHARD · 2015 to 2023
$56.8M
Trial-Ready Cohort for Preclinical/Prodromal Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG053798 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI AISEN, PAUL S., CUMMINGS, JEFFREY L. · 2017 to 2022
$39.4M
Research Education Core FP30AG072977 · NIA · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI SANDRA WEINTRAUB · 2021 to 2026
$26.3M
Translational and Therapeutics CoreP30AG072959 · NIA · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI Mark J Lowe · 2021 to 2026
$23.9M
Renewal of Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) (Phase 2) CNTN - ResubmissionP20GM109025 · NIGMS · CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION · PI JESSICA KIRKLAND CALDWELL · 2015 to 2026
$22.8M
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Detection, Diagnosis, Course, and Risk FactorsU01NS093334 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI CUMMINGS, JEFFREY L., REIMAN, ERIC MICHAEL · 2016 to 2022
$17.0M
Endophenotype Network-based Approaches to Prediction and Population-based Validation of In Silico Drug Repurposing for Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG066707 · NIA · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI Feixiong Cheng · 2020 to 2026
$4.9M
TREM2 Genotype-Informed Drug Repurposing and Combination Therapy Design for Alzheimer’s DiseaseR01AG076448 · NIA · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI Feixiong Cheng, Li Gan · 2022 to 2026
$4.0M
Alzheimer's MultiOme Data Repurposing: Artificial Intelligence, Network Medicine, and Therapeutics DiscoveryU01AG073323 · NIA · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI BEKRIS, LYNN, CHENG, FEIXIONG · 2021 to 2025
$4.0M
NVEDARC Clinical CoreP20AG068053 · NIA · CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION · PI RITTER, AARON · 2020 to 2022
$3.3M
Alzheimer's Clinical Trial InnOvatioN (ACTION) InitiativeR35AG071476 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS · PI CUMMINGS, JEFFREY L. · 2021 to 2025
$2.9M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001422NIA NIH HHS K08 AG065463NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072959NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072977NIA NIH HHS R01 AG053798NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066707NIA NIH HHS R01 AG076448NIA NIH HHS R35 AG071476NIA NIH HHS R56 AG074001NIA NIH HHS U01 AG073323NIA NIH HHS U24 AG021886NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM109025NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS093334
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Translating human genetic findings (genome-wide association studies [GWAS]) to pathobiology and therapeutic discovery remains a major challenge for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We present a network topology-based deep learning framework to identify disease-associated genes (NETTAG). We leverage non-coding GWAS loci effects on quantitative trait loci, enhancers and CpG islands, promoter regions, open chromatin, and promoter flanking regions under the protein-protein interactome. Via NETTAG, we identified 156 AD-risk genes enriched in druggable targets. Combining network-based prediction and retrospective case-control observations with 10 million individuals, we identified that usage of four drugs (ibuprofen, gemfibrozil, cholecalciferol, and ceftriaxone) is associated with reduced likelihood of AD incidence. Gemfibrozil (an approved lipid regulator) is significantly associated with 43% reduced risk of AD compared with simvastatin using an active-comparator design (95% confidence interval 0.51-0.63, p < 0.0001). In summary, NETTAG offers a deep learning methodology that utilizes GWAS and multi-genomic findings to identify pathobiology and drug repurposing in AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDeep LearningDrug RepositioningGemfibrozilGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansRetrospective StudiesGemfibrozilADAlzheimer’s diseaseCP: Neurosciencedeep learningdrug repurposingdrug targetEHRelectronic health recordgemfibrozilgenome-wide association studiesGWASmulti-omicspathobiologyprotein-protein Interactome

Identifiers

PMID36450252
PMCPMC9837836
OpenAlexW4310701303

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.