ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2023
Gender inequality, women's empowerment, and adolescent birth rates in 363 Latin American cities.
Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Coping Engagement as the Pathway from Psychological Empowerment to Life Satisfaction: A Mediation and Moderation Independent Analyses Among Women in Northern Peru.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2026Article
- Persistent inequalities in adolescent motherhood in Peru (1981-2017): From wide approaches to intercategorical mapping.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Decoding health disparities by gender, ethnicity and chronic diseases across three Latin American countries.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Adaptation, acceptability and preliminary impacts of a sexual health and financial literacy intervention for indigenous adolescents in Ecuador: A mixed-methods pilot study.Public health · 2026Article
- Maternity in adolescence in Brazil: high fertility rates and stark inequalities across municipalities and regions.Cadernos de saude publica · 2026Article
- Association of socio-economic environment and women's empowerment with daily fruit and vegetable intake in Latin American cities: a multilevel study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Effects of an urban cable car intervention on quality of life: an observational, quasi-experimental study in Bogotá, Colombia (TrUST).Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Prevalence of daily fruit and vegetable intake by socio-economic characteristics, women's empowerment, and climate zone: an ecological study in Latin American cities.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Article
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- Women's studies in the Latin American context: a bibliometric approach.F1000Research · 2025Article
- Urban Environments, Health, and Environmental Sustainability: Findings From the SALURBAL Study.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Review
- Addressing social norms for adolescent timing and spacing of pregnancy in low and middle-income countries: Developing a global research agenda.Journal of global health · 2024Article
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- Understanding the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America: challenges and opportunities to integrate genetics into conservation practices.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Access of the LGBTQIA+ Population to Brazilian Public Primary Health Care Services: A Scoping Review.Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.)Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGender inequality is high in Latin America (LA). Empowering girls and young women and reducing gender gaps has been proposed as a pathway to reduce adolescent pregnancy. We investigated the associations of urban measures of women's empowerment and gender inequality with adolescent birth rates (ABR) in 366 Latin American cities in nine countries.
methodsWe created a gender inequality index (GII) and three Women Achievement scores reflecting domains of women's empowerment (employment, education, and health care access) using censuses, surveys, and political participation data at city and sub-city levels. We used 3-level negative binomial models (sub-city-city-countries) to assess the association between the GII and scores, with ABR while accounting for other city and sub-city characteristics.
resultsWe found within country heterogeneity in gender inequality and women's empowerment measures. The ABR was 4% higher for each 1 standard deviation (1-SD) higher GII (RR 1.04; 95%CI 1.01,1.06), 8% lower for each SD higher autonomy score (RR 0.92; 95%CI 0.86, 0.99), and 12% lower for each SD health care access score (RR 0.88; 95%CI 0.82,0.95) after adjustment for city level population size, population growth, homicide rates, and sub-city population educational attainment and living conditions scores.
conclusionOur findings show the key role cities have in reducing ABR through the implementation of strategies that foster women's socioeconomic progress such as education, employment, and health care access.
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