ArticlePloS one2022
Wealth-based inequality in the exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation among young women in urban India.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence and Determinants of Menstrual Hygiene Practices Among Tribal Women in India: Insights from NFHS-4and NFHS-5.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities and its spatial pattern in sanitary napkin use in Bangladesh: evidence from the 2019 multiple indicator cluster survey.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Wealth-related inequality in women healthcare-seeking behaviour for under-five children illness in Afghanistan: evidence from 2022 Afghanistan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Understanding period product use among young women in rural and urban India from a geospatial perspective.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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- Exploring drivers of unsafe disposal of child stool in India using hierarchical regression model.PloS one · 2024Article
- Suitability, acceptability, feasibility of modern menstrual methods: a qualitative study in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India.Frontiers in global women's health · 2024Article
- Decomposing the rural-urban gap in hygienic material use during menstruation among adolescent women in India.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal change in socioeconomic inequality in hygienic menstrual product use among adolescent girls in India during 2015-2019.International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation (sanitary napkins, locally made napkins, tampons, and menstrual cups) among urban women in India has been increasing over time. However, little is known about the wealth-based disparity in the exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation among these women. This study, therefore, measures wealth-based inequality in the exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation among urban women in India. Furthermore, the measured inequality is decomposed to unravel its contributing factors. DATA AND
methodsUsing data from the National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21), we calculated the Erreygers normalized concentration index (CI) for India and each of its states to measure wealth-based inequality in the exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation among women in urban India. Further, we decomposed the Erreygers CI to estimate the relative contribution of covariates to wealth-based inequality in the exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation. The analysis included 54,561 urban women aged 15-24 from 28 states and eight union territories of India.
resultsThe Erreygers CI value of 0.302 indicated a pro-rich inequality in the exclusive use of hygienic materials among urban women in India. While all the states and UTs showed pro-rich inequality, the CI varied considerably across the country. Among the bigger states, the inequality was highest in Madhya Pradesh (CI: 0.45), Assam (CI: 0.44), Bihar (CI: 0.41), and West Bengal (CI: 0.37) and the lowest in the south Indian states of Tamil Nadu (CI: 0.10), Andhra Pradesh (CI: 0.15), Telangana (CI: 0.15), and Kerala (CI: 0.20). Erreygers decomposition revealed that wealth-based inequality in women's education and mass media exposure contributed almost 80% of the wealth-based inequality in the exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation among urban women in India.
conclusionSubstantial pro-rich inequality in the exclusive use of hygienic materials suggests that the policies and program initiatives should prioritize reaching out to poor women to increase the overall rate of exclusive use of hygienic materials during menstruation in urban India.
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