ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2022
The relation between serum levels of interleukin 10 and interferon-gamma with oral candidiasis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Salivary and Serum Cytokine Concentrations in Kidney Transplantation: A Prospective Study.Oral diseases · 2025Article
- Lower Serum IL-10 Linked to Oral Manifestations in Diabetes Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Effect of ozone oil and non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. In-vivo and in-vitro studies with fibroblasts and Candida albicans.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2025Article
- Metabolic regulation of the immune system in health and diseases: mechanisms and interventions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- A Causal Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Candidiasis through Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Exploring Interleukin-10 Levels in Diabetes Patients with and without Oral Diseases: A Systematic Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundType 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common endocrine diseases that weakens the immune system. Candida albicans, is part of the natural oral flora and increases in cases of compromised immune systems. The exact cause of the increased prevalence of candidiasis in patients with T2DM is still unclear. The study aimed to correlate serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma cytokines (IFN-γ) with oral candidiasis in T2DM.
methodsIn this case-control study, 81 patients with T2DM and 41 non-diabetic individuals aged 30 to 70 years participated. Demographic information, a Blood sample (for blood glucose and cytokine tests), and an oral cotton swab sample from each individual were obtained. The samples were then incubated in a Sabroud dextrose agar medium. Colony growth was calculated and the type of yeast species in individuals with oral candidiasis was identified by culture in CHROMagar Candida medium. IL-10 and IFN-γ were measured by ELISA kit and the data were analyzed using SPSS-18.
resultsAn overall of 122 participants comprised 73.77% females and 26.22% males. An increase in interleukin-10 by 40% and a decrease in IFN-γ by 6% can increase oral candidiasis prevalence among diabetic patients. Candida albicans was the most prevalent Candida species (spp.) in the diabetic and non-diabetic groups. The presence of oral candidiasis was not associated with HbA1c or FBS levels in both groups.
conclusionIn the diabetic population, an increase in IL-10 or a decrease in IFN-γ may be associated with an increased risk of oral candidiasis.
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