Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36443083›Full record

ArticleAnnals of family medicine

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Primary Care: Understanding and Supporting Clinicians' Use to Enhance Diabetes Care.

Tamara K Oser, Tristen L Hall, L Miriam Dickinson, Elisabeth Callen, Jennifer K Carroll, Donald E Nease, LeAnn Michaels, Sean M Oser

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of family medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06638099 nacompletednot on this map

Increasing Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorSan Diego State UniversityRan2024 to 2026Enrolled195ConditionsDiabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (T2DM)ArmsCGM Toolkit Prescriber Training
NCT07548372 narecruitingnot on this map

Supporting Primary Care Adoption, Resources, and Knowledge for Continuous Glucose Monitoring

TypeinterventionalSponsorMontefiore Medical CenterRan2026 to 2028Enrolled20,000ConditionsDiabetes MellitusArmsEnhanced CGM Interventions, Standard of Care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Trial
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  8. Review
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  15. What's New and Around the Corner in CGM?Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
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  18. Practical Approaches to Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Primary Care: A UK-Based Consensus Opinion.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Tamara K OserUniversity of Colorado Department of Family Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
Tristen L HallUniversity of Colorado Department of Family Medicine, Aurora, Colorado Tristen.Hall@CUAnschutz.edu.
L Miriam DickinsonUniversity of Colorado Department of Family Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
Elisabeth CallenAmerican Academy of Family Physicians, Leawood, Kansas.
Jennifer K CarrollUniversity of Colorado Department of Family Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
Donald E NeaseUniversity of Colorado Department of Family Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
LeAnn MichaelsOregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Sean M OserUniversity of Colorado Department of Family Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
University of Colorado Denver · USAmerican Academy of Family Physicians · USOregon Health & Science University · USUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeDiabetes affects approximately 34 million Americans and many do not achieve glycemic targets. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is associated with improved health outcomes for patients with diabetes. Most adults with diabetes receive care for their diabetes in primary care practices, where uptake of CGM is unclear.

methodsWe used a cross-sectional web-based survey to assess CGM prescribing behaviors and resource needs among primary care clinicians across the United States. We used descriptive statistics and multivariable regression to identify characteristics associated with prescribing behaviors, openness to prescribing CGM, and to understand resources needed to support use of CGM in primary care.

resultsClinicians located more than 40 miles from the nearest endocrinologist's office were more likely to have prescribed CGM and reported greater likelihood to prescribe CGM in the future than those located within 10 miles of an endocrinologist. Clinicians who served more Medicare patients reported favorable attitudes toward future prescribing and higher confidence using CGM to manage diabetes than clinicians with lower Medicare patient volume. The most-needed resources to support CGM use in primary care were consultation on insurance issues and CGM training.

conclusionsPrimary care clinicians are interested in using CGM for patients with diabetes, but many lack the resources to implement use of this diabetes technology. Use of CGM can be supported with education in the form of workshops and consultation on insurance issues targeted toward residents, recent graduates, and practices without a nearby endocrinologist. Continued expansion of Medicare and Medicaid coverage for CGM can also support CGM use in primary care.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes MellitusAdultAgedBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringCross-Sectional StudiesHumansMedicarePrimary Health CareUnited StatesBlood Glucoseprimary caretype 1 diabetestype 2 diabeteswearable electronic devices

Identifiers

PMID36443083
PMCPMC9705045
OpenAlexW4310463504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.