Trial reportThe Lancet. Child & adolescent health2023
Intensive compared with less intensive blood pressure control to prevent adverse cardiac remodelling in children with chronic kidney disease (HOT-KID): a parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.
Trial report in The Lancet. Child & adolescent health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07768865 (Arterial Stiffness in Children and Young People With Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Arterial Stiffness in Children and Young People With Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ambulatory hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy in pediatric chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Management of blood pressure in adults, children and young people on dialysis: UK kidney association clinical practice guideline.BMC nephrology · 2025Guideline
- Association of baseline eGFR and incident heart failure on patients receiving intensive blood pressure treatment.ESC heart failure · 2025Trial
- Cystic burden meets blood pressure: cardiac remodelling in paediatric autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Characterizing children with chronic kidney disease and severe proteinuria in the United States: a retrospective analysis using electronic health records.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Arterial stiffening in children with early chronic kidney disease is associated with blood pressure but not decline in kidney function: a longitudinal study from the HOT-KID cohort.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Dialysis-associated cardiovascular disease risk in children: mechanism and management.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Effects of reduced blood pressure dipping on the progression of chronic kidney disease in children.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Impact of intensive blood pressure control on kidney outcomes.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2025Review
- Lower blood pressure targets in childhood chronic kidney disease.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Intensive Blood Pressure Control in Youth With Chronic Kidney Disease.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (2024 revision).Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2025Article
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Among Children with Chronic Kidney Disease.Current hypertension reports · 2024Review
- Changes in the cardiovascular risk profile in children approaching kidney replacement therapy.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Native nephrectomy in advanced pediatric kidney disease: indications, timing, and surgical approaches.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Review
- Hypertension monitoring on cardiac health outcomes.Translational pediatrics · 2024Article
- Role of hypertension in progression of pediatric CKD.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Review
- Longitudinal follow-up on vascular morphology and function in children with kidney transplants.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOptimal target blood pressure to reduce adverse cardiac remodelling in children with chronic kidney disease is uncertain. We hypothesised that lower blood pressure would reduce adverse cardiac remodelling.
methodsHOT-KID, a parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial, was done in 14 clinical centres across England and Scotland. We included children aged 2-15 years with stage 1-4 chronic kidney disease-ie, an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) higher than 15 mL/min per 1·73 m
findingsBetween Oct 30, 2012, and Jan 5, 2017, 64 participants were randomly assigned to the intensive treatment group and 60 to the standard treatment group (median age of participants was 10·0 years [IQR 6·8-12·6], 69 [56%] were male and 107 [86%] were of white ethnicity). Median follow-up was 38·7 months (IQR 28·1-52·2). Blood pressure was lower in the intensive treatment group compared with standard treatment group (mean systolic pressure lower by 4 mm Hg, p=0·0012) but in both groups was close to the 50th percentile. The mean annual reduction in LVMI was similar for intensive and standard treatments (-1·9 g/m
interpretationThese results suggest that cardiac remodelling in children with chronic kidney disease is related to blood pressure control and that a target office systolic blood pressure at the 50th percentile is close to the optimal target for preventing increased left ventricular mass.
fundingBritish Heart Foundation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.