ReviewInternational journal of hygiene and environmental health2023
Exposure to flame retardants in European children - Results from the HBM4EU aligned studies.
Review in International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Has Regulatory Action Reduced Human Exposure to Flame Retardants?Environmental science & technology · 2023Pooled it
- Update of the risk assessment on emerging and novel brominated flame retardants in food.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Environmental pollutant BDE-47 alters glycan and microRNA signatures of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles and modulates senescence signaling.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Occupational exposure to tris (chloropropyl) phosphate in flexible polyurethane foam workers: exposure levels and risk assessment.Annals of work exposures and health · 2026Article
- Dietary Exposure to 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-47) Causes Inflammation in the Liver of Common Carp (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Breathing hazards: Perspective on the adverse health effects of organophosphate flame retardants.Journal of hazardous materials advances · 2025Article
- 2-Ethylhexyl Diphenyl Phosphate Affects Steroidogenesis and Lipidome Profile in Human Adrenal (H295R) Cells.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Effects of novel flame retardants tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) on function and homeostasis in human and rat pancreatic beta-cell lines.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Association between exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in lung cancer patients.Thoracic cancer · 2024Article
- Exposure to OPFRs Is Associated with Obesity and Dysregulated Serum Lipid Profiles: Data from 2017-2018 NHANES.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Article
- Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) and Human Health: Effects on Metabolism, Diabetes and Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
31 authors at 10 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many legacy and emerging flame retardants (FRs) have adverse human and environmental health effects. This study reports legacy and emerging FRs in children from nine European countries from the HBM4EU aligned studies. Studies from Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, France, Greece, Slovenia, Slovakia, and Norway conducted between 2014 and 2021 provided data on FRs in blood and urine from 2136 children. All samples were collected and analyzed in alignment with the HBM4EU protocols. Ten halogenated FRs were quantified in blood, and four organophosphate flame retardants (OPFR) metabolites quantified in urine. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were infrequently detected (<16% of samples). BDE-47 was quantified in blood from Greece, France, and Norway, with France (0.36 ng/g lipid) having the highest concentrations. BDE-153 and -209 were detected in <40% of samples. Dechlorane Plus (DP) was quantified in blood from four countries, with notably high median concentrations of 16 ng/g lipid in Slovenian children. OPFR metabolites had a higher detection frequency than other halogenated FRs. Diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) was quantified in 99% of samples across 8 countries at levels ∼5 times higher than other OPFR metabolites (highest median in Slovenia of 2.43 ng/g lipid). FR concentrations were associated with lifestyle factors such as cleaning frequency, employment status of the father of the household, and renovation status of the house, among others. The concentrations of BDE-47 in children from this study were similar to or lower than FRs found in adult matrices in previous studies, suggesting lower recent exposure and effectiveness of PBDE restrictions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.