ReviewFrontiers in molecular biosciences2022
The application of exosomes in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.
Review in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exosomes and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Current Knowledge and Clinical Significance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Hypoxia-induced mechanism of TNBC promoting tumour cell proliferation through exosomal miRNA.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Article
- Engineered Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles: A New Strategy for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology in triple-negative breast cancer: a review of nanocarrier systems for enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity.Nanoscale advances · 2026Review
- A new perspective on mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury dynamically regulating mitochondrial function to remodel the immune network.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
- Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of exosomal circular RNAs in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The role of 3D culture models and advanced chromatography in exosome research for triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025Review
- The involvement of exosomes in the tumorigenicity of breast cancer cell lines through the crosstalk between STAT3, Notch, and Wnt signaling pathways.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles as vital players in drug delivery: a focus on clinical disease treatment.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Engineered extracellular vesicles for combinatorial TNBC therapy: SR-SIM-guided design achieves substantial drug dosage reduction.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Unlocking the epigenetic code: new insights into triple-negative breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Polymeric Micelle-Based Nanogels as Emerging Drug Delivery Systems in Breast Cancer Treatment: Promises and Challenges.Current drug targets · 2024Review
- The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Positive Breast Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Resistance.Cancers · 2023Review
- Updates on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: From Risk Factors to Diagnosis, Biomarkers and Therapy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications and Regenerative Therapy.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- The application of radionuclide therapy for breast cancer.Frontiers in nuclear medicine · 2023Review
- Advances in Doxorubicin-based nano-drug delivery system in triple negative breast cancer.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous and invasive breast cancer (BC) subtype that is estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2)-negative. So far, the treatment of TNBC is still ineffective due to the lack of well-defined molecular targets. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles composed of lipid bilayers. They originate from various types of donor cells and release a complex mixture of contents including diverse nucleic acid types (miRNA, LnRNA, siRNA, and DNA) and proteins; after binding to recipient cells the exosomes release their contents that execute their biological functions. Exosomes have been reported to play an important role in the tumorigenesis of TNBC, including tumor initiation, metastasis, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, immune escape, and drug resistance. On the other hand, exosomes can be valuable biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of TNBC. More interestingly, exosomes can be harnessed as a nanosized drug-delivery system specifically targeting TNBC. In this review, we present the most recent mechanistic findings and clinical applications of exosomes in TNBC therapy, focusing on their use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, nanoscale drug delivery platforms, and immunotherapeutic agents. In addition, the associated challenges and future directions of using exosomes for TNBC treatment will be discussed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.