Observational studyThe journal of nutrition, health & aging2022
Olfactory Dysfunction Predicts Frailty and Poor Postoperative Outcome in Older Patients Scheduled for Elective Non-Cardiac Surgery.
Observational study in The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Olfaction and Coronary Heart Disease.JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery · 2026Article
- Poor olfaction and risk of heart failure in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Global Poorer Olfaction, Frailty and Postoperative Adverse Outcomes: Exploring Their Interplay in a Prospective Cohort of Older Adults Undergoing Elective Surgery.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Article
- Association between peripheral eosinophilia, JESREC score, and olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Inflammation and olfactory loss are associated with at least 139 medical conditions.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesFrailty has been suggested to take part in the recently demonstrated link between olfactory dysfunction and overall mortality risk. Preoperative assessment of frailty is essential to detect the most vulnerable patients scheduled for surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether olfactory dysfunction is a reliable predictor of preoperative frailty and postoperative outcome.
designThis was a single-center prospective observational study conducted between July and October 2020 in Brussels, Belgium. SETTING AND
participants155 preoperative patients aged from 65 years old and scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery. MEASUREMENTS: Olfactory function was examined using the Sniffin' Sticks 12-item identification test. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) and handgrip strength. The clock drawing test (CDT) from the EFS was also analyzed separately to evaluate cognitive function. Patients were followed for postoperative complications and mortality over one year.
resultsOlfactory dysfunction was significantly associated with the EFS score, anosmic patients having a higher median EFS score than normosmic patients (6[4-7] vs 4[2-5], p = .025). Anosmic patients had an increased odds of being frail after adjusting for possible confounding factors (OR: 6.19, 95% CI: 1.65-23.20, p = .007) and were more at risk of poor postoperative outcome (including complications and death) (OR: 4.33, 95% CI: 1.28-14.67, p = .018).
conclusionsOlfactory dysfunction is associated with preoperative frailty determined by the EFS and with poor post-surgical outcome at one-year.
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