ReviewTrends in cognitive sciences2023
Hierarchical functional system development supports executive function.
Review in Trends in cognitive sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Functional imaging studies of acute administration of classic psychedelics, ketamine, and MDMA: Methodological limitations and convergent results.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation targeting personalized fronto-parietal control network improves core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Oxytocin Reduces Subjective Fear in Naturalistic Social Contexts via Enhancing Top-Down Middle Cingulate Amygdala Regulation and Brain-Wide Fear Representations.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Trial
- Changes in Brain Network Connections After Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Adolescents and Adults.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2024Trial
- Molecular genetic influences on sustained attention and executive processes and their links with psychopathology in the AFFECT study.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cortical microarchitecture supports preadolescent functional brain network connectivity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal white-matter development across early childhood.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Needs, Acceptability, and Functional Requirements of Gamified Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Kits Among Children and Their Parents in China: Cross-Sectional Qualitative Study.JMIR serious games · 2026Article
- Prenatal neural network organization and later executive function development.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Human cortex organizes dynamic co-fluctuations along the sensorimotor-association axis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Symptom-specific links between internalizing problems and functional connectivity in adolescents: a network analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Deficient executive control in transformer attention.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Neighborhood air pollution is associated with attenuated neurocognitive maturation over early adolescence.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Mapping the spatiotemporal continuum of structural connectivity development across the human connectome in youth.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Three parsimonious spatiotemporal patterns in cerebellum reveal individual traits in function and behavior.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Protracted Functional and Structural Reorganization of Human Prefrontal Cortex Supports Lateralized Category Geometries.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cortical Structure in Relation to Empathy and Psychopathy in 800 Incarcerated Men.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Dynamic brain reorganization and the role of motivation during the first year of foreign language learning: A longitudinal study.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- Testosterone modulates multispectral oscillatory activity serving performance of motor sequences in typically developing youth.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Task-evoked functional connectivity exhibits novel and strengthened relationships with executive function relative to the resting state.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In this perspective, we describe how developmental improvements in youth executive function (EF) are supported by hierarchically organized maturational changes in functional brain systems. We first highlight evidence that functional brain systems are embedded within a hierarchical sensorimotor-association axis of cortical organization. We then review data showing that functional system developmental profiles vary along this axis: systems near the associative end become more functionally segregated, while those in the middle become more integrative. Developmental changes that strengthen the hierarchical organization of the cortex may support EF by facilitating top-down information flow and balancing within- and between-system communication. We propose a central role for attention and frontoparietal control systems in the maturation of healthy EF and suggest that reduced functional system differentiation across the sensorimotor-association axis contributes to transdiagnostic EF deficits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.