ArticleThe Science of the total environment2023
Wastewater monitoring in tourist cities as potential sentinel sites for near real-time dynamics of imported SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessing Urban Ditches for Tracking SARS-CoV-2 in Low Sanitation Areas in Southeastern Brazil.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- Long-term biological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in critical points for municipal sewage catchment in light of wastewater-based epidemiology, public health and environmental hygiene.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Wastewater-Based Tracking SARS-CoV-2 RNA and Estimating Infected Population in Industrial Setting After Songkran Festival-Thailand Traditional New Year in 2023.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Operationalizing SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring to assess traveler health in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Bangkok wastewater treatment plants and estimating infected population after fully opening the country in 2023, Thailand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Wastewater tiling amplicon sequencing in sentinel sites reveals longitudinal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 variants prevalence.Water research X · 2024Article
- Community case study: an academia-industry-government partnership that monitors and predicts outbreaks in Tri-County Detroit area since 2017.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The Rise and Fall of Omicron BA.1 Variant as Seen in Wastewater Supports Epidemiological Model Predictions.Viruses · 2023Article
- Influence of membrane pore-size on the recovery of endogenous viruses from wastewater using an adsorption-extraction method.Journal of virological methods · 2023Article
- The spread of the omicron variant: Identification of knowledge gaps, virus diffusion modelling, and future research needs.Environmental research · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) complements the clinical surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants' distribution in populations. Many developed nations have established national and regional WBE systems; however, governance and budget constraints could be obstacles for low- and middle-income countries. An urgent need thus exists to identify hotspots to serve as sentinel sites for WBE. We hypothesized that representative wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in two international gateway cities, Bangkok and Phuket, Thailand, could be sentineled for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants to reflect the clinical distribution patterns at city level and serve as early indicators of new variants entering the country. Municipal wastewater samples (n = 132) were collected from eight representative municipal WWTPs in Bangkok and Phuket during 19 sampling events from October 2021 to March 2022, which were tested by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using the US CDC N1 and N2 multiplex and variant (Alpha, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 and BA.2) singleplex assays. The variant detection ratios from Bangkok and Phuket followed similar trends to the national clinical testing data, and each variant's viral loads agreed with the daily new cases (3-d moving average). Omicron BA.1 was detected in Phuket wastewater prior to Bangkok, possibly due to Phuket's WWTPs serving tourist communities. We found that the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 viral loads predominantly drove the SARS-CoV-2 resurgence. We also noted a shifting pattern in the Bangkok WBE from a 22-d early warning in early 2021 to a near real-time pattern in late 2021. The potential application of tourist hotspots for WBE to indicate the arrival of new variants and re-emerging or unprecedented infectious agents could support tourism-dependent economies by complementing the reduced clinical regulations while maintaining public health protection via wastewater surveillance.
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