Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36434048›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2022

DrugnomeAI is an ensemble machine-learning framework for predicting druggability of candidate drug targets.

Arwa Raies, Ewa Tulodziecka, James Stainer, Lawrence Middleton, Ryan S Dhindsa, Pamela Hill, Ola Engkvist, Andrew R Harper, Slavé Petrovski, Dimitrios Vitsios

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Target identification and assessment in the era of AI.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Target discovery and drug design in the era of artificial intelligence.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Target and biomarker exploration portal for drug discovery.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.

Arwa RaiesCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3952-7363
Ewa TulodzieckaCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
James StainerCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Lawrence MiddletonCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Ryan S DhindsaCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8965-0813
Pamela HillEmerging Innovations, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, USA.
Ola EngkvistMolecular AI, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4970-6461
Andrew R HarperCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Slavé PetrovskiCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Dimitrios VitsiosCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK. dimitrios.vitsios@astrazeneca.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-5445
AstraZeneca (United Kingdom) · GBAstraZeneca (Sweden) · SEAstraZeneca (United States) · USBaylor College of Medicine · US

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_QA137853
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The druggability of targets is a crucial consideration in drug target selection. Here, we adopt a stochastic semi-supervised ML framework to develop DrugnomeAI, which estimates the druggability likelihood for every protein-coding gene in the human exome. DrugnomeAI integrates gene-level properties from 15 sources resulting in 324 features. The tool generates exome-wide predictions based on labelled sets of known drug targets (median AUC: 0.97), highlighting features from protein-protein interaction networks as top predictors. DrugnomeAI provides generic as well as specialised models stratified by disease type or drug therapeutic modality. The top-ranking DrugnomeAI genes were significantly enriched for genes previously selected for clinical development programs (p value < 1 × 10

Indexed as

Machine LearningSoftwareDrug Delivery SystemsHumans

Identifiers

PMID36434048
PMCPMC9700683
OpenAlexW4310057196

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.