ArticleCancer2023
The clinicopathological significance and relapse predictive role of tumor microenvironment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after radical surgery.
Article in Cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perineural invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Meta-analysis of prevalence, association with tumor features, and impact on survival.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- TIPE2 serves as a favorable prognostic biomarker and suppresses cholangiocarcinoma progression by targeting RAC1-mediated integrin αvβ6 trafficking.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Infiltration of CD8Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research progress of T cells in cholangiocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- FGFR2 fusion/rearrangement is associated with favorable prognosis and immunoactivation in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.The oncologist · 2024Article
- Establishing prognostic models for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on immune cells.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Tumor Resection in Hepatic Carcinomas Restores Circulating T Regulatory Cells.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Focusing on the Immune Cells: Recent Advances in Immunotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2024Review
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- Tertiary lymphoid structures predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response of cholangiocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study attempts to detect the expression of FoxP3, CD68, CD8α, and PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and analyze the relationship between the corresponding cells and clinicopathological characteristics as well as prognosis of ICC.
methodsRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) provided the general landscape of the TME in ICC. A total of 99 ICC patients and the corresponding specimens were used for multiplex immunofluorescence and relapse-free survival (RFS) was analyzed. Flow cytometry further validated the effect of regulatory T (Treg) cells on ICC relapse.
resultsRNA-seq data showed that the infiltration of Treg cells, CD8+ T cells, and macrophages were likely associated with ICC relapse. The survival analysis based on multiplex immunofluorescence showed that the high FoxP3(+) Treg cells ratio and low CD68(+) macrophages ratio in mesenchyme were associated with higher RFS rate, respectively. Low FoxP3(+) Τreg cells ratio was associated with more perineural invasion, and high CD68(+) macrophages ratio was correlated with more lymph node metastasis. Cox regression analysis revealed that FoxP3(+) Treg cells ratio was an independent predictive factor for ICC relapse. Flow cytometry showed that TregIII was the predominant Treg cell subtype in both tumor tissue and peripheral blood of ICC patients, and high TregIII abundance in peripheral blood was significantly associated with longer RFS of ICC patients.
conclusionHigh FoxP3(+) Treg cells ratio in the mesenchyme of ICC tumor tissue predicted longer RFS and was an independent favorable prognostic factor for ICC patients. Among all Treg cell subtypes, TregIII in peripheral blood was correlated with the RFS of ICC patients.
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