Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36433469›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022

IMU-Based Classification of Locomotion Modes, Transitions, and Gait Phases with Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks.

Daniel Marcos Mazon, Marc Groefsema, Lambert R B Schomaker, Raffaella Carloni

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Vibrotactile Haptic and Gesture Feedback in a Smartwatch for Controlling a Multi-Activity Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Ambilateral Activity Recognition and Continuous Adaptation with a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis.IEEE transactions on robotics : a publication of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Daniel Marcos MazonBernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 9, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
Marc GroefsemaBernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 9, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6044-2519
Lambert R B SchomakerBernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 9, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-2351-930X
Raffaella CarloniBernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 9, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6051-4332

Funding

European Commission's Horizon 2020 Programme 780871
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper focuses on the classification of seven locomotion modes (sitting, standing, level ground walking, ramp ascent and descent, stair ascent and descent), the transitions among these modes, and the gait phases within each mode, by only using data in the frequency domain from one or two inertial measurement units. Different deep neural network configurations are investigated and compared by combining convolutional and recurrent layers. The results show that a system composed of a convolutional neural network followed by a long short-term memory network is able to classify with a mean F1-score of 0.89 and 0.91 for ten healthy subjects, and of 0.92 and 0.95 for one osseointegrated transfemoral amputee subject (excluding the gait phases because they are not labeled in the data-set), using one and two inertial measurement units, respectively, with a 5-fold cross-validation. The promising results obtained in this study pave the way for using deep learning for the control of transfemoral prostheses with a minimum number of inertial measurement units.

Indexed as

AmputeesGaitHumansLocomotionNeural Networks, ComputerWalkingdeep neural networkslower-limb prostheticmotion classification

Identifiers

PMID36433469
PMCPMC9698430

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.