ArticleNutrients2022
Inadequate Choline Intake in Pregnant Women in Germany.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Assessment of vitamin A, vitamin BEuropean journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Choline status and related health outcomes in humans: A scoping review.Nutrition and health · 2026Article
- Dietary choline intake during pregnancy and birth weight in a Chinese population: a cross-sectional study.Nutrition journal · 2026Observational
- Maternal Methyl-Group Donor Intake and Neonatal Birth Size in Singleton IVF Pregnancies.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Association of dietary choline intake in late pregnancy with the early neurobehavioral development of offspring.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Health literacy of pregnant women and its association with methyl-group donor intake and folic acid supplementation: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Analyzing dietary exposure to critical nutrients on a plant-based diet using the food- and total nutrient index.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Association between dietary choline intake and odds of preeclampsia: a case-control study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary choline intake in European and non-european populations: current status and future trends-a narrative review.Nutrition journal · 2024Review
- A Narrative Review on Maternal Choline Intake and Liver Function of the Fetus and the Infant; Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Review
- The Role of Choline in Neurodevelopmental Disorders-A Narrative Review Focusing on ASC, ADHD and Dyslexia.Nutrients · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Choline is an essential nutrient that is involved in various developmental processes during pregnancy. While the general adequate choline intake (AI) for adults has been set at 400 mg/day by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), an AI of 480 mg/day has been derived for pregnant women. To date, the choline intake of pregnant women in Germany has not been investigated yet. Therefore, in this survey, the total choline intake from dietary and supplementary sources in pregnant women was estimated using an online questionnaire. A total of 516 pregnant women participated in the survey, of which 283 met the inclusion criteria (13 to 41 weeks of gestational age, 19−45 years). 224 (79%) of the participants followed an omnivorous diet, 59 (21%) were vegetarian or vegan. Median choline intake was 260.4 (±141.4) mg/day, and only 19 women (7%) achieved the adequate choline intake. The median choline intake of omnivores was significantly higher than that of vegetarians/vegans (269.5 ± 141.5 mg/day vs. 205.2 ± 101.2 mg/day; p < 0.0001). 5% (13/283) of pregnant women took choline-containing dietary supplements. In these women, dietary supplements provided 19% of the total choline intake. Due to the importance of choline for the developmental processes during pregnancy, the study results prove the urgent need for an improved choline supply for pregnant women.
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Registered trials
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