ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2022
Association of Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction: A Meta-Analysis.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of overt hypothyroidism with risks of cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Thyroid Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment: Neural Mechanisms and Neurofeedback-Based Interventions.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- An Overview of Severe Myalgic Encephalomyelitis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Independent and combined associations of diabetes and thyroid disorders with risks of incident dementia.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The impact of autoimmune thyroid disease on cognitive and psychiatric disorders: focus on clinical, pre-clinical and molecular studies.European thyroid journal · 2025Review
- Olfaction and thyroid hormones in patients with subjective cognitive decline, non-amnestic and amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2025Article
- Bridging tradition and innovation: a constitution-guided framework for personalized blood pressure management in acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Rising Incidence and Comorbidities of Endogenous Hypothyroidism in Republic of Korea from 2004 to 2018: A Nationwide Population Study.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Thyroid Function and Cognitive Decline: A Narrative Review.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2024Review
- Vulnerability of the Hippocampus to Insults: Links to Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, risk factors, symptoms diagnosis, management, caregiving, advanced treatments and associated challenges.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Exploring the Association between Thyroid Function and Frailty: Insights from Representative Korean Data.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- Distribution of Monocarboxylate Transporters in Brain and Choroid Plexus Epithelium.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Association of Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess whether there is an association between hypothyroidism and the risk of cognitive dysfunction. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched for relevant studies published from database inception to 4 May 2022, using medical subject headings (MeSHs) and keywords. Results: Eight studies involving 1,092,025 individuals were included, published between 2010 and 2021. The pooled analysis showed that there was no association between hypothyroidism and cognitive dysfunction (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.84−1.51, p = 0.426), including both all-cause dementia (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.76−1.43, p = 0.809) and cognitive impairment (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 0.68−3.35, p = 0.318). Neither overt hypothyroidism (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.70−2.02, p = 0.525) nor subclinical hypothyroidism (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.73−1.48, p = 0.833) was associated with cognitive dysfunction. Neither prospective cohort (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.77−1.51, p = 0.673) nor cross-sectional studies (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.63−2.42, p = 0.545) had any effect on the association. Interestingly, the risk of cognitive dysfunction was significantly increased in the group not adjusted for vascular comorbidity (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.07−2.01, p = 0.017), while it was reduced in the adjusted group (OR =0.82, 95% CI = 0.79−0.85, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This meta-analysis shows that hypothyroidism was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive dysfunction after adjustment for vascular-disease comorbidities. More prospective observational studies are needed in the future to investigate the relationship between hypothyroidism and cognitive dysfunction.
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