Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36430915›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2022

Vitamin D and Beta Cells in Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Josephine Yu, Preeti Sharma, Christian M Girgis, Jenny E Gunton

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The role of vitamin D signalling in β cell apoptosis: a systematic review.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Pooled it
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  6. Article
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  8. Review
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  12. Observational
  13. Article
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  15. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Vitamin D.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Latent autoimmune diabetes in youth.Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Josephine YuCentre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4615-5257
Preeti SharmaCentre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
Christian M GirgisCentre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
Jenny E GuntonCentre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8127-9773
The University of Sydney · AU

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council APP_1149976
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is rising steadily. A potential contributor to the rise is vitamin D. In this systematic review, we examined the literature around vitamin D and T1D. We identified 22 papers examining the role of vitamin D in cultured β-cell lines, islets, or perfused pancreas, and 28 papers examining vitamin D in humans or human islets. The literature reports strong associations between T1D and low circulating vitamin D. There is also high-level (systematic reviews, meta-analyses) evidence that adequate vitamin D status in early life reduces T1D risk. Several animal studies, particularly in NOD mice, show harm from D-deficiency and benefit in most studies from vitamin D treatment/supplementation. Short-term streptozotocin studies show a β-cell survival effect with supplementation. Human studies report associations between VDR polymorphisms and T1D risk and β-cell function, as assessed by C-peptide. In view of those outcomes, the variable results in human trials are generally disappointing. Most studies using 1,25D, the active form of vitamin D were ineffective. Similarly, studies using other forms of vitamin D were predominantly ineffective. However, it is interesting to note that all but one of the studies testing 25D reported benefit. Together, this suggests that maintenance of optimal circulating 25D levels may reduce the risk of T1D and that it may have potential for benefits in delaying the development of absolute or near-absolute C-peptide deficiency. Given the near-complete loss of β-cells by the time of clinical diagnosis, vitamin D is much less likely to be useful after disease-onset. However, given the very low toxicity of 25D, and the known benefits of preservation of C-peptide positivity for long-term complications risk, we recommend considering daily cholecalciferol supplementation in people with T1D and people at high risk of T1D, especially if they have vitamin D insufficiency.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Vitamin DAnimalsC-PeptideHumansMiceMice, Inbred NODVitaminsC-PeptideVitamin DVitaminsbeta-cellC-peptideinsulintype 1 diabetesvitamin Dvitamin D receptor

Identifiers

PMID36430915
PMCPMC9696701
OpenAlexW4309742858

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.