ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
TGF-β Signaling in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): From Underlying Mechanism to Potential Applications in Clinical Development.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumour-Associated Neutrophils in Colorectal Cancer: a Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Comprehensive Literature Review.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Targeting molecular and genetic pathways driving tumorigenesis for precision therapy in colorectal cancer.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- RNF113A Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis by Regulating TGF-β Pathway and EMT via Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of SNIP1.Balkan medical journal · 2026Article
- Potential advantage of clinical exome sequencing inJournal of medical genetics · 2026Article
- SNX8 regulates BMPR2-mediated SMAD5 proteostasis to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Prognostic biomarkers of distant metastasis following curative-intent resection of early-stage rectal cancer.Clinical proteomics · 2026Article
- Cancer in transition: discovery of tumor-intrinsic transcriptional programs shaping the immune and microenvironmental landscape.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- The Role of Next-Generation Probiotics in Colorectal Cancer Pathways: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Proteomic atlas of human peritoneal tissue.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Loss of PDE10A is associated with metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma.Histology and histopathology · 2026Article
- Computational Elucidation of Hub Genes and Pathways Correlated with the Development of 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in HCT 116 Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Colorectal Cancer Progression and Bone Metastasis: Molecular Mechanisms, Tumor Microenvironment, and Tumor-Bone Crosstalk.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- Targeting TGF-βR1 Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer: A Potential Approach with Synthetic Flavanols.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Protodioscin enhances Methotrexate-induced senescence and senolytic activity in HepG2 liver cancer spheroids by modulating cell cycle regulators and the TGF-β/p-Smad2-4 signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ex vivo modelling of human colorectal cancer liver metastasis by normothermic machine perfusion.Molecular cancer · 2025Article
- Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Precision Medicine Reveals Prognostic Impact of TGF-Beta Pathway Alterations in FOLFOX-Treated Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Among Disproportionately Affected Populations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- NF-κB and apoptosis: colorectal cancer progression and novel strategies for treatment.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Identifying Molecular Modulators of the Vascular Invasion in Rectal Carcinoma: Role ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Molecular Heterogeneity in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Pathway-Specific Insights in High-Risk Populations.Cancers · 2025Article
- The Role of Twisted Gastrulation 1 (TWSG1) Gene in TGF-β Signaling Linked to Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious public health issue, and it has the leading incidence and mortality among malignant tumors worldwide. CRC patients with metastasis in the liver, lung or other distant sites always have poor prognosis. Thus, there is an urgent need to discover the underlying mechanisms of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and to develop optimal therapy for mCRC. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays a significant role in various physiologic and pathologic processes, and aberrant TGF-β signal transduction contributes to mCRC progression. In this review, we summarize the alterations of the TGF-β signaling pathway in mCRC patients, the functional mechanisms of TGF-β signaling, its promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, its facilitation of angiogenesis, its suppression of anti-tumor activity of immune cells in the microenvironment and its contribution to stemness of CRC cells. We also discuss the possible applications of TGF-β signaling in mCRC diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapies in clinical trials. Hopefully, these research advances in TGF-β signaling in mCRC will improve the development of new strategies that can be combined with molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy and traditional therapies to achieve better efficacy and benefit mCRC patients in the near future.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.