ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Experimental Models to Study End-Organ Morbidity in Sleep Apnea: Lessons Learned and Future Directions.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of changes in extracellular vesicles associated with obstructive sleep apnoea: implications for diagnosis and treatment.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Liraglutide on Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction: From Bench to Bedside.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Mechanisms underlying end-organ injury in sleep apnoea.The European respiratory journal · 2026Review
- Identification of Oral Protein Biomarkers for Cognitive Impairment Susceptibility in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Species Proteomic Study.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Limited Microvascular Remodelling Occurs in the Aged Human Hippocampus in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation Mitigated Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Progression in a Rat Model of Sleep Apnea.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Intermittent Hypoxia as a Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Present and Future.Sleep medicine clinics · 2025Review
- On the imperative of including 24-h and longitudinal multidimensional physiological phenotyping in rodent models of sleep apnea.Sleep medicine · 2025Article
- Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mouse model via postsynaptic mechanisms.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- The Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on Renal Sympathetic and Phrenic Nerve Activity during Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Rats.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Low-cost, open-source device for simultaneously subjecting rodents to different circadian cycles of light, food, and temperature.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Microglia and Sleep Disorders.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Solriamfetol enhances wakefulness and improves cognition and anxiety in a murine model of OSA.Sleep medicine · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular Disease in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Putative Contributions of Mineralocorticoid Receptors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sleep apnea (SA) is a very prevalent sleep breathing disorder mainly characterized by intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation, with ensuing systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune deregulation. These perturbations promote the risk of end-organ morbidity, such that SA patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular, neurocognitive, metabolic and malignant disorders. Investigating the potential mechanisms underlying SA-induced end-organ dysfunction requires the use of comprehensive experimental models at the cell, animal and human levels. This review is primarily focused on the experimental models employed to date in the study of the consequences of SA and tackles 3 different approaches. First, cell culture systems whereby controlled patterns of intermittent hypoxia cycling fast enough to mimic the rates of episodic hypoxemia experienced by patients with SA. Second, animal models consisting of implementing realistic upper airway obstruction patterns, intermittent hypoxia, or sleep fragmentation such as to reproduce the noxious events characterizing SA. Finally, human SA models, which consist either in subjecting healthy volunteers to intermittent hypoxia or sleep fragmentation, or alternatively applying oxygen supplementation or temporary nasal pressure therapy withdrawal to SA patients. The advantages, limitations, and potential improvements of these models along with some of their pertinent findings are reviewed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.