ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Liver Steatosis and Steatohepatitis Alter Bile Acid Receptors in Brain and Induce Neuroinflammation: A Contribution of Circulating Bile Acids and Blood-Brain Barrier.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Dysbiosis to Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption: The Metabolite-Mediated Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Bile acids in Alzheimer's disease: a double-edged sword in gut-liver-brain signaling and neurodegeneration.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Mechanism-First Psychobiotics: Fermented Vegetables, Dairy, and Soy for Depression and Anxiety.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ultra-Processed Foods, MASLD, and Cognitive Aging: A Processing-Centered Gut-Liver-Brain Axis Perspective.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Article
- The aging gut-glia-immune axis in alzheimer's disease: microbiome-derived mediators of neuroinflammation and therapeutic innovation.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Adiponectin Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Tight Junction Protein Loss: Evidence from a Hepatic Encephalopathy Mouse Model and Brain Endothelial Cells.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Rethinking on bile acid-brain axis: decoding neurotoxic and neuroprotective landscape in aging and Alzheimer's disease.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota Metabolite, Trimethylamine N-Oxide, Aggravates Cognitive Impairment in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Peripheral-central inflammatory crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease: immunometabolic functions of circulating soluble metabolites under dynamic blood-brain barrier states.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Midkine-Mediated Microglia Activation after Renal Injury Promotes Cognitive Impairment Following Ischemic Renal Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Glymphatic alteration in NAFLD patient: a preliminary magnetic resonance imaging study based on DTI-ALPS.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Lipid Dysmetabolism in Canine Chronic Liver Disease: Relationship Between Clinical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Features.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- The role of brain-liver-gut Axis in neurological disorders.Burns & trauma · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes cognitive impairment via bile acid metabolism in major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Underneath the Gut-Brain Axis in IBD-Evidence of the Non-Obvious.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- TGR5 deficiency in excitatory neurons ameliorates Alzheimer's pathology by regulating APP processing.Science advances · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A tight relationship between gut-liver diseases and brain functions has recently emerged. Bile acid (BA) receptors, bacterial-derived molecules and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) play key roles in this association. This study was aimed to evaluate how non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) impact the BA receptors Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G-protein coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) expression in the brain and to correlate these effects with circulating BAs composition, BBB integrity and neuroinflammation. A mouse model of NAFLD was set up by a high-fat and sugar diet, and NASH was induced with the supplementation of dextran-sulfate-sodium (DSS) in drinking water. FXR, TGR5 and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) expression in the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry, while Zonula occludens (ZO)-1, Occludin and Plasmalemmal Vesicle Associated Protein-1 (PV-1) were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Biochemical analyses investigated serum BA composition, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and S100β protein (S100β) levels. Results showed a down-regulation of FXR in NASH and an up-regulation of TGR5 and Iba-1 in the cortex and hippocampus in both treated groups as compared to the control group. The BA composition was altered in the serum of both treated groups, and LBP and S100β were significantly augmented in NASH. ZO-1 and Occludin were attenuated in the brain capillary endothelial cells of both treated groups versus the control group. We demonstrated that NAFLD and NASH provoke different grades of brain dysfunction, which are characterized by the altered expression of BA receptors, FXR and TGR5, and activation of microglia. These effects are somewhat promoted by a modification of circulating BAs composition and by an increase in LBP that concur to damage BBB, thus favoring neuroinflammation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.