ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Low-Dose IL-2 Attenuated Depression-like Behaviors and Pathological Changes through Restoring the Balances between IL-6 and TGF-β and between Th17 and Treg in a Chronic Stress-Induced Mouse Model of Depression.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms in Depression: From Biomarkers to Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Elucidating Immune Cell Mediated Causal Pathways Linking Blood Metabolites to Major Depressive Disorder: A Mediation Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for depression: targeting cytokine pathways in major depressive disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Divergent Inflammatory Profiles but No Predictive Biomarkers of Psychiatric Sequelae After Viral Infection: A 12-Month Cohort Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Bone-Brain Axis: Novel Insights into the Bidirectional Crosstalk in Depression and Osteoporosis.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in intracerebral hemorrhage: mechanisms of immunomodulation and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The emerging role of T cells in depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Epilepsy: Mechanisms and Consequences.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Losartan attenuates depression-like behavior in epileptic rats by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Integrating allostasis and emerging technologies to study complex diseases.Communications biology · 2025Review
- Role of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of perinatal brain injury.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Antidepressant effect of Radix bupleuri - Radix paeoniae alba herb pair on chronic unpredictable mild stress rats based on cortical metabolomics.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Chronic stress-mediated dysregulations in inflammatory, immune and oxidative circuitry impairs the therapeutic response of methotrexate in experimental autoimmune disease models.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Revealing the role of regulatory b cells in cancer: development, function and treatment significance.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Review
- The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- tsRNA-5006c regulates hippocampal neurons ferroptosis to ameliorate perioperative neurocognitive disorders in aged male mice.3 Biotech · 2025Article
- Research Progress on Th17/Treg Cell Imbalance in Epileptic Seizures.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Revisiting Tregs in cancer and beyond: immunological control and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The microbiota-gut-brain axis in depression: unraveling the relationships and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Investigating the mechanisms of Sini San in alleviating inflammatory responses via multi-omics and the BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in depressive model rats.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia activation, increased IL-6 and decreased TGF-β were found in depressed patients or in animal models of depression. IL-6 enhances T helper 17 cell differentiation, thereby causing an imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells, which induces neuroinflammation and neuronal dysfunction. However, whether imbalances between IL-6 and TGF-β and between Th17 and Treg occur in depression and whether depression can be improved upon restoring these imbalances are unknown. Treg promoter IL-2 (1500UI/0.1 mL/day) was used to treat a mouse model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The behavior and concentrations of IL-6, TGF-β, Th17, IL-17A, IL-17Rc, Treg-related factors (helios and STAT5), astrocyte A1 phenotype S100β, microglia M1 phenotype Iba-1, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme, corticosterone (CORT) and neurotransmitters were evaluated. When compared to controls, CUMS reduced sucrose preference, the number of entries into and the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and the exploration in the "open field", while it increased the immobility time in tail suspension, which was ameliorated by IL-2 treatment. RoRα, S100β, IL-17A, IL-17Rc, IL-6, Iba-1, IDO enzyme and CORT concentrations were significantly increased, and Helios, FoxP3
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.