Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36430126›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Predictors of Psychological Distress across Three Time Periods during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland.

Agata Chudzicka-Czupała, Soon-Kiat Chiang, Damian Grabowski, Marta Żywiołek-Szeja, Matthew Quek, Bartosz Pudełek, Kayla Teopiz, Roger Ho, Roger S McIntyre

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Factors Associated with Impact of Event Scores Among Ontario Education Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Agata Chudzicka-CzupałaFaculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 40-326 Katowice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6517-5018
Soon-Kiat ChiangDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
Damian GrabowskiFaculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 40-326 Katowice, Poland.
Marta Żywiołek-SzejaFaculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 40-326 Katowice, Poland.
Matthew QuekSchool of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
Bartosz PudełekFaculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 40-326 Katowice, Poland.
Kayla TeopizMood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
Roger HoDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-9629-4493
Roger S McIntyreMood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSince the onset of COVID-19, public health policies and public opinions changed from stringent preventive measures against spread of COVID-19 to policies accommodating life with continued, diminished risk for contracting COVID-19. Poland is a country that demonstrated severe psychological impact and negative mental health. The study aims to examine psychological impact and changes in levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among three cross-sectional samples of Polish people and COVID-19-related factors associated with adverse mental health.

methodsIn total, 2324 Polish persons participated in repeated cross-sectional studies across three surveys: Survey 1 (22 to 26 March 2020), Survey 2 (21 October to 3 December 2020), and Survey 3 (3 November to 10 December 2021). Participants completed an online survey, including Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), demographics, knowledge, and concerns of COVID-19 and precautionary measures.

resultsA significant reduction of IES-R scores was seen across surveys, while DASS-21 scores were significantly higher in Survey 2. There was significant reduction in the frequency of following COVID-19 news, recent COVID-19 testing, and home isolation from Survey 1 to 3. Being emale was significantly associated with higher IES-R and DASS-21 scores in Surveys 1 and 2. Student status was significantly associated with higher DASS-21 across surveys. Chills, myalgia, and fatigue were significantly associated with high IES-R or DASS-21 scores across surveys. Frequency of wearing masks and perception that mask could reduce risk of COVID-19 were significantly associated with higher IES-R and DASS-21 scores.

conclusionConclusions: The aforementioned findings indicate a reduction in the level of the measured subjective distress andin the frequency of checking COVID-19 news-related information across three periods during the pandemic in Poland.

Indexed as

COVID-19Psychological DistressCOVID-19 TestingCross-Sectional StudiesHumansPandemicsPolandPublic PolicyanxietyCOVID-19depressionfatiguepandemicpolicypsychological impactpublic healthsocial determinantsstress

Identifiers

PMID36430126
PMCPMC9690834

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.