ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Low Resilience Was a Risk Factor of Mental Health Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemic but Not in Individuals Exposed to COVID-19: A Cohort Study in Spanish Adult General Population.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Resilience and suicidality in the Taiwanese general public: a population-based study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Ego-Resiliency, Life Satisfaction and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Among Students of Pro-Health Faculties During COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Resilience and mental health in university students post-COVID-19 pandemic: insights from the Republic of Cyprus.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Resilience and Mental Health in Southwest Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Ohio journal of public health · 2025Article
- The mediating effect of family resilience between coping styles and caregiver burden in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim is to analyze whether people with low resilience are at higher risk of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spanish adults.
methodsa longitudinal cohort study was carried out. Resilience was measured with the CD-RISC. Mental health problems that were assessed included: Major Depressive Episode (MDE), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors (STB), and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms.
resultswe found statistically significant differences between groups and resilience scores in MDE [F (3; 48.40) = 19.55], GAD [F (3; 19.63) = 6.45] and STB [F (3; 111.74) = 31.94]. Multivariable analyses showed individuals with very low resilience were at a 5-fold risk of Incidence of MDE and a 4-fold risk of STB. Persistent group presented a 21-fold risk of MDE and 54-fold risk of STB. No evidence of higher risk was found for GAD. Individuals with low resilience and exposed to COVID-19 were not at higher risk. Individuals with low resilience were at higher risk of PTSD in general population [β(95% CI) = -3.25 (-3.969 to -2.54)], but not for individuals with COVID-19.
conclusionsin the general population, having low or very low resilience increases the risk of suffering MDE, STB, and PTSD, but not GAD during the COVID-19 pandemic, and not in the population with COVID-19.
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