Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36429886›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Health Communication and Inequalities in Primary Care Access during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Ethnic Minorities in the United Kingdom: Lived Experiences and Recommendations.

Winifred Ekezie, Akilah Maxwell, Margaret Byron, Barbara Czyznikowska, Idil Osman, Katie Moylan, Sarah Gong, Manish Pareek

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Coproducing COVID-19 Health Information Resources: A Participatory Study With Older Adults From Minoritised Ethnic Communities in the UK.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  8. Observational
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Health and social care experience and research perception of different ethnic minority populations in the East Midlands, United Kingdom (REPRESENT study).Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Tackling the crisis in general practice.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Winifred EkezieDiabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6622-0784
Akilah MaxwellSchool of Media, Communication and Sociology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Margaret ByronSchool of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Barbara CzyznikowskaCentre for Ethnic Health Research, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK.
Idil OsmanSchool of Media, Communication and Sociology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Katie MoylanSchool of Media, Communication and Sociology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Sarah GongSchool of Media, Communication and Sociology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Manish PareekDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
University of Leicester · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Health Communication is critical in the context of public health and this was highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ethnic minority groups were significantly impacted during the pandemic; however, communication and information available to them were reported to be insufficient. This study explored the health information communication amongst ethnic communities in relation to their experiences with primary health care services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research used qualitative methodology using focus groups and semi-structured interviews with community members and leaders from three ethnic minority communities (African-Caribbean, Somali and South Asian) in Leicester, United Kingdom. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and open-coded. Rigour was determined through methodological coherence, appropriate and sufficient sampling, and iterative data collection and analysis. Six focus groups and interviews were conducted with 42 participants. Four overarching themes were identified related to health communication, experiences, services and community recommendations to improve primary care communication. To address primary care inequalities effectively and improve future health communication strategies, experiences from the pandemic should be reflected upon, and positive initiatives infused into the healthcare strategies, especially for ethnic minority communities.

Indexed as

COVID-19Health CommunicationEthnic and Racial MinoritiesEthnicityHumansMinority GroupsPandemicsPrimary Health CareUnited KingdomcommunicationCOVID-19ethnic minoritieshealth inequalitymisinformationpublic healthqualitativeUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID36429886
PMCPMC9690007
OpenAlexW4309280938

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.