Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36428556›Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2022

Cancer Metastasis and Treatment Resistance: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment.

Ethan J Kilmister, Sabrina P Koh, Freya R Weth, Clint Gray, Swee T Tan

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Proteomic profiling of CD133 + and CD326 + (EpCAM) subpopulations in A549 cells: insights into pluripotency and tumor heterogeneity.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Cancer-associated fibroblasts as a potential therapeutic target for thyroid cancers.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. The role of stem cells in precision medicine: next-generation cancer treatment.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025
    Review
  15. Precision epigenetic therapies in oncology.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ethan J KilmisterGillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-8574-6877
Sabrina P KohGillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.
Freya R WethGillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.
Clint GrayGillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.
Swee T TanGillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-0695-453X

Funding

Graham Langridge Scholarship
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer metastasis and treatment resistance are the main causes of treatment failure and cancer-related deaths. Their underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated and have been attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-a small population of highly tumorigenic cancer cells with pluripotency and self-renewal properties, at the apex of a cellular hierarchy. CSCs drive metastasis and treatment resistance and are sustained by a dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME). Numerous pathways mediate communication between CSCs and/or the surrounding TME. These include a paracrine renin-angiotensin system and its convergent signaling pathways, the immune system, and other signaling pathways including the Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and Sonic Hedgehog pathways. Appreciation of the mechanisms underlying metastasis and treatment resistance, and the pathways that regulate CSCs and the TME, is essential for developing a durable treatment for cancer. Pre-clinical and clinical studies exploring single-point modulation of the pathways regulating CSCs and the surrounding TME, have yielded partial and sometimes negative results. This may be explained by the presence of uninhibited alternative signaling pathways. An effective treatment of cancer may require a multi-target strategy with multi-step inhibition of signaling pathways that regulate CSCs and the TME,

Indexed as

cancer stem cellmetastasisrenin-angiotensin systemtreatment resistancetumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID36428556
PMCPMC9687343

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.