ReviewBiomedicines2022
Co-Occurrence of Tic Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Does It Reflect a Common Neurobiological Background?
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07450079 (A Retrospective Multimodal Analysis of Sleep in Children With Tourette Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Retrospective Multimodal Analysis of Sleep in Children With Tourette Syndrome: Integrating Clinical History, Blood Biomarkers (Vitamin D and Ferritin Levels), Actigraphy, Video Polysomnography, and Subjective Tic Assessments
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effects of group mentalization-based treatment-P on cognitive emotion regulation and tic symptoms in children with tic disorders.Psychology and psychotherapy · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of high-dose vs. low-dose vitamin D₃ supplementation in children with chronic tic disorders: a randomized controlled trial.Nutrition journal · 2025Trial
- Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and keratoconus.Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie · 2026Article
- From cradle to Tic: early developmental profiles of tourette syndrome and its comorbidities in the MoBa cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exploring the Therapeutic Potential and Mechanism of Qiangzhi Fang in a Rat Model of Tic Disorder with ADHD: Behavioral and Molecular Insights.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- Multimodal brain imaging neurotransmitter marker study of TD: a review of TCM effect mechanisms and precise diagnosis and treatment combining traditional Chinese and western medicine.American journal of translational research · 2026Review
- Epidemiological characteristics of comorbidities in childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and common comorbidity patterns.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Electroencephalographic Functional Connectivity Patterns in Children With Tourette Syndrome and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Pediatric neurology · 2025Article
- Simple and Complex Phonic Tics in Tourette Syndrome.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Review: Child Psychiatry in the Era of Genomics: The Promise of Translational Genetics Research for the Clinic.JAACAP open · 2025Review
- Clinical symptoms and functional impairment in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) co-morbid tic disorder (TD) patients: a cluster-based investigation.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics of tic disorders in children and adolescents with the chief complaint of abnormal blinking.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe co-existence of tic disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (TD + ADHD) has proven to be highly important in daily clinical practice. The factor ADHD is not only associated with further comorbidities, but also has a long-term negative psychosocial effect, while the factor TD is usually less disturbing for the major part of the patients. It remains unclear how far this is related to a different neurobiological background of the associated disorders or whether TD + ADHD reflects a common one.
objectiveThis review provides an update on the neurobiological background of TD + ADHD in order to better understand and treat this clinical problem, while clarifying whether an additive model of TD + ADHD holds true and should be used as a basis for further clinical recommendations.
methodA comprehensive research of the literature was conducted and analyzed, including existing clinical guidelines for both TD and ADHD. Besides genetical and environmental risk factors, brain structure and functions, neurophysiological processes and neurotransmitter systems were reviewed.
resultsOnly a limited number of empirical studies on the neurobiological background of TD and ADHD have taken the peculiarity of co-existing TD + ADHD into consideration, and even less studies have used a 2 × 2 factorial design in order to disentangle the impact/effects of the factors of TD versus those of ADHD. Nevertheless, the assumption that TD + ADHD can best be seen as an additive model at all levels of investigation was strengthened, although some overlap of more general, disorder non-specific aspects seem to exist.
conclusionBeyond stress-related transdiagnostic aspects, separate specific disturbances in certain neuronal circuits may lead to disorder-related symptoms inducing TD + ADHD in an additive way. Hence, within a classificatory categorical framework, the dimensional aspects of multilevel diagnostic-profiling seem to be a helpful precondition for personalized decisions on counselling and disorder-specific treatment in TD + ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.