Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36425301›Full record

ArticleSurgery open science2023

Incidence and impact of surgical site infections on length of stay and cost of care for patients undergoing open procedures.

Yuefeng Hou, Ashley Collinsworth, Flutura Hasa, Leah Griffin

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Surgery open science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 41 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Negative pressure wound therapy for the prevention of surgical site infections in orthopedic and trauma surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2025
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  10. Prophylactic PICOWorld journal of emergency surgery : WJES · 2024
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  17. Genomic Analysis ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yuefeng Hou3M, Medical Solutions Division, 12930 W Interstate 10, San Antonio, TX 78249.
Ashley Collinsworth3M, Medical Solutions Division, 12930 W Interstate 10, San Antonio, TX 78249.
Flutura Hasa3M, Medical Solutions Division, 12930 W Interstate 10, San Antonio, TX 78249.
Leah Griffin3M, Medical Solutions Division, 12930 W Interstate 10, San Antonio, TX 78249.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality; however, current SSI rates across open procedures and their effect on healthcare delivery are unknown. The objective of this study was to examine incidence of SSIs for open surgical procedures in the United States and impact on length of stay (LOS) and costs Methods: This retrospective study utilizing 2019-2020 data from Medicare and Premier identified patients with SSIs occurring during hospitalization or within 90 days of discharge. Propensity score matching was used to calculate incremental LOS and costs attributable to SSIs. Mean LOS and costs attributable to SSIs for the index admission, readmissions, and outpatient visits were summed by procedure and Charlson Comorbidity Index score to estimate the overall impact of an SSI on LOS and costs across healthcare settings. Results: SSI rates were 2.0% for 2,696,986 Medicare and 1.8% for 1,846,254 Premier open surgeries. Total incremental LOS and cost per SSI, including index admission, readmissions, and outpatient visits were 9.3 days and $18,626 for Medicare patients and 7.8 days and $20,979 for Premier patients. SSI rates were higher for urgent/emergency surgeries compared to overall SSI rates. Although less common that superficial SSIs, deep SSIs resulted in higher incremental LOS and index costs for the index admission and for SSI-related readmissions. Conclusions: This study of SSIs utilizing two large national databases provides robust data and analytics reinforcing and bolstering current evidence that SSIs occur infrequently but are detrimental to patients in terms of increased LOS and care costs.

Indexed as

Hospital costsLength of staySurgical site infections

Identifiers

PMID36425301
PMCPMC9679670

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.