ArticleClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2023
Timing and genotype distribution of symptomatic and asymptomatic sapovirus infections and re-infections in a Nicaraguan birth cohort.
Article in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Sapovirus in the Post-Rotavirus Vaccine Era: From an Overlooked Gastroenteritis Pathogen to a Target for Precision Surveillance.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of a sapovirus GI.6 acute gastroenteritis outbreak in Jiangxi, China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Sapovirus in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2025Review
- Charting the Impact of Maternal Antibodies and Repeat Exposures on Sapovirus Immunity in Early Childhood From a Nicaraguan Birth Cohort.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
objectivesTo characterize the timing and genotype distribution of symptomatic and asymptomatic sapovirus infections and re-infections in a Nicaraguan birth cohort.
methodsInfants (N = 444) were enrolled at 10-14 days of life and observed weekly until 2 years of age. Stool samples were collected for each acute gastroenteritis (AGE) episode, and routine stool samples were collected monthly. Stool samples were tested for sapovirus using RT-qPCR, and positive samples were genotyped.
resultsA total of 348 children completed 2 years of AGE weekly surveillance; 93 (26.7%) of them experienced sapovirus AGE. Most infections occurred after 5 months of age and mainly during the second year of life (62.4%, 58/93) and early in the rainy season. Sapovirus screening in all stools from a subset of 67 children who consistently provided samples showed sapovirus infections in 91 of 330 (27.6%) AGE episodes and in 39 of 1350 (2.9%) routine stools. In this subset, the median age at the first sapovirus AGE was 11.2 months (95% CI, 9.3-15.9 months); 38 of 67 (57%) children experienced re-infections, 19 symptomatic and 19 asymptomatic. On average, sapovirus re-infections were reported 7.2 months after symptomatic and 5.3 months after asymptomatic infections. Genogroup GI (64%, 69/108) was the most common detected. Sapovirus GI.1 was more frequently detected in AGE stool samples than in routine stool samples (47.2%, 43/91 vs. 25.6%, 10/39; p 0.005), and re-infection with the same genotype was uncommon. DISCUSSION: The first sapovirus infections occurred at approximately 11 months of age, whereas the median time to symptomatic re-infection was 7.2 months. Re-infections with the same sapovirus genotype were rare during 2 years of life suggesting genotype-specific protection after natural infection.
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