Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36421364›Full record

ReviewBiology2022

Population Characteristics, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of Idiopathic Chilblains: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.

Areti K Kapnia, Styliani Ziaka, Leonidas G Ioannou, Irini Flouri, Petros C Dinas, Andreas D Flouris

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Areti K KapniaFAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.
Styliani ZiakaFAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-1004-8134
Leonidas G IoannouFAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-5460-8167
Irini FlouriDepartment of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, 71500 Heraklion, Greece.
Petros C DinasFAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-6853-9238
Andreas D FlourisFAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-9823-3915

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChilblains/perniosis is a non-freezing cold injury causing painful inflammatory skin lesions. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood because it is often studied as secondary to other underlying conditions.

methodsWe systematically investigated the population characteristics, symptoms, and predisposing factors of chilblains in healthy adults exposed to cool/cold environments. We screened PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and we adopted PRISMA reporting guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42021245307). The risk of bias was assessed by two independent reviewers (RTI item bank). Random-effects model meta-analyses were performed to calculate the pooled prevalence of histopathological features. Mixed-effects meta-regressions were used to assess other sources of between-study heterogeneity.

resultsThirteen studies (477 patients) were included. Chilblains affect more women than men, up to 12% of the body skin surface, and most frequently, the hands and fingers. Meta-analyses of nine studies (303 patients) showed a frequent presence of perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate (81%), basal epidermal-cell layer vacuolation (67%), papillary dermal edema (66%), and perieccrine lymphocytic infiltrate (57%). Meta-regressions (

conclusionsThe population characteristics, symptoms, and predisposing factors of chilblains revealed in this analysis should be incorporated in medical care to improve the condition's diagnosis and management.

Indexed as

histopathological featuresoccupationperniosisprevalence

Identifiers

PMID36421364
PMCPMC9687160

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.